Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurological disorder that leads to disruption of autonomic functions. The specific mechanism of temperature dependence in MS is not fully understood. Between 60% and 80% of MS patients believe that the worsening of symptoms and relapses are due to heat. The use of antipyretics has been shown to reduce heat sensitivity and the risk of relapse in MS patients. The present investigation aimed to assess antipyretic use and heat sensitivity in MS patients and their impact on quality of life. A retrospective cross-sectional chart review study was conducted for all MS patients admitted to King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between June 2015 and December 2018. Demographics and data on MS treatment regimens were collected. Telephone interviews were conducted to collect data on heat sensitivity, prophylaxis techniques and number of relapses. Nearly half of the sample reported heat sensitivity (44%) and only 24% use cooling techniques. The most used antipyretic was paracetamol (46%), followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (5%). Interferon use was associated with a higher risk of temperature increase and antipyretic use. The study showed that heat sensitivity is common among MS patients and the risk of relapse is increased. However, only a small number of patients use antipyretics as prophylaxis. MS relapses can be prevented or reduced by avoiding triggers and prophylactic use of antipyretics.