Abstract
Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the commonest acute medical condition that present to the emergency department and appendectomy is considered as one of the commonest surgical procedure worldwide. Diagnosis of appendicitis has remained a challenge for clinicians and negative appendectomy percentage is still considerably high despite the recent advancement of medicine. Appendicitis management has a lot of controversies that need to be tackled and discussed.
Objective: A lot of literatures have been done in order to provide patients with appendicitis a better outcomes, in our review we will evaluate the recent publications regarding diagnosis and management of appendicitis and its complications.
Method: PubMed database were used for articles selection. All relevant articles related to our review were chosen to cover the following topics: Appendicitis, Daignosis of Appendicitis, and Management. We excluded other articles, which are not related to our objectives. The data have been extracted according to specific form to be reviewed by the authors
Conclusion: Each and every clinical sign and symptom for appendicitis alone has a poor predictive value but their predictive ability becomes much stronger if they were combined. So, using a scoring system like Alvarado score has shown to be a useful diagnostic tool because it combines signs, symptoms and laboratory testing together. Anyhow, clinical examination cannot definitively confirm the diagnosis especially in children. Therefore, clinicians will continue to rely on radiological studies to evaluate potential appendicitis. CT has improved the diagnostic accuracy of appendicitis. high-quality Ultrasound is a safe alternative in order to avoid radiation hazard especially in children and pregnants. Appendectomy has been the standard practice for uncomplicated appendicitis across the world. The use of the laparoscopic approach became more preferable than the open procedure because it was associated with lower complications rate. For perforated appendicitis, nonsurgical treatment with antibiotics and abscess percutaneous drainage has shown to be successful and safe modality of treatment.