Abstract
Green fabrication has become a safe approach for producing nanoparticles. Plant-based biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has emerged as a possible alternative to tradi-tional chemical production. In this paper, we provide a low-cost, green synthesis of AgNPs utilizing using Kei-apple (Dovyalis caffra) fruit extract. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning-Electron Microscope (SEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analyses were used to characterize green produced AgNPs. The formation of AgNPs was shown to have a surface resonance peak of 415 nm in UV-visible spectra, and FTIR spectra verified the participation of bio-logical molecules in Synthesis of AgNPs. The TEM revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs were mostly spherical in form, with size range of 12-53 nm. XRD diffractogram was used to demonstrate the face cubic centre (fcc) character of AgNPs. Excellent anticancer activity of AgNPs was recorded where more than 80% of Prostate Cancer (PC-3) cell lines was inhibited by 100-150 mg/mL of AgNPs, while 38% only was recorded using AgNO3 and 55.62% was recorded D. caffra fruit extract at 150 mg/mL. Destructions of PC-3 cell was observed as a result of exposed to AgNPs, fol-lowed by D. caffra fruit extract, while minor alterations were recorded as exposed to AgNO3. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging using AgNPs was three fold using fruit extract at 100 mg/mL indicating good antioxidant activity. Excellent inhibitory activity of AgNPs was recorded against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus with inhibition diameter zone 28.22 +/- 0.25 mm, 23.2 1 +/- 0.35 mm, 27.25 +/- 0.03 mm, 28.40 +/- 0.15 mm, 29.23 +/- 0.44 mm, and 9.52 +/- 0.5 mm, respectively compared with AgNO3. D. caffra fruits considered a promising and safe source for fabrication of AgNPs with multi-biological functions. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.