Abstract
The effect of an ultraviolet generated ozone treatment (UV/O(3)), on the surface and near surface functionality and structure of polyacrylonitrile based carbon fibres has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Results were compared to electrochemically treated fibres. The UV/O(3) treated fibres showed increased levels of oxygen functionalities. Levels of oxygen comparable to a high level electrochemical shear treatment were achieved within 5 mm of treatment (O/C 0.11 +/- 0.03 for both treatments). XPS O1s/C1s ratios as high as 0.3 were produced, with saturation occurring at approximately 40 mm exposure. The main functional groups introduced were, in addition to hydroxyl species, alkoxides (ca. 286.5 eV), carbonyl (288.0 eV), and carboxyl (289.5 eV). Examination of the full width half maximum of the graphite peak from XPS C1s showed some disorder was introduced to the first few layers of the fibre with treatment but the effect was not evident in the Raman, i.e. in the bulk of the fibre. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.