Abstract
The utilization of non-renewable energy sources leads to long-standing unfavorable consequences on human health and environmental issues. Ever growing demand and use of diesel engines in various fields cause the emission of exhaust gases like NOx and CO that lead to serious environmental pollution and hazards like global warming, respiratory problems. Hence, it has a necessity a reduction in the use of diesel fuel and addition of suitable biodiesel. Mahua biodiesel blend has also been considered a safe renewable fuel for conventional engines. This is due to its desirable properties such as rapid growth rate, higher productivity, and the ability to utilize CO2 into fuel. Doping of an antioxidant, preferably n-butanol eliminates these harmful emissions from the diesel engine. In this experimental investigation, a Blend of Mahua biodiesel mixed with n-butanol was used as test fuel in a conventional engine. About 20-30 vol.% of n-butanol blended with 80 vol.% of diesel and tested. The injection timing was varied between 21 degrees CA bTDC and 25 degrees CA bTDC. Nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide of a blend of B20 + D80 + 30% n-butanol (NBM blend) at 21 degrees CA bTDC were reduced by 49 percent and 5.88 percent, respectively, when a relative to diesel fuel. The smoke and hydrocarbon emission of NBM blend at 25 degrees CA bTDC is reduced by 40% and 38.07%, respectively, related to diesel. The brake thermal efficiency for NBM blend at all injection timing was identified higher as a correlated to all other test blends. The brake thermal efficiency of the NBM blend at 25 degrees CA bTDC was increased by 15.30% when compared with diesel fuel. From the results, the Period of combustion was higher biodiesel as related to diesel. The span of ignition delay for NBM blend at advanced IT was 13.3% and 16.5% lower as compared to standard and advanced IT. These promising results assure that the Mahua biodiesel blend containing antioxidants would be eco-friendly fuel. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.