Abstract
•LSP increased workability of geopolymer mixtures.•LSP at levels ≤ 30 % increased compressive strength of slag, MK-clay, FA/slag geopolymers.•LSP at all levels increased compressive strength of NP geopolymers, but lower levels showed higher strength.•Most of studies reported lower drying shrinkage with including LSP.•15% LSP reduced water absorption, but higher ratios increased it. LSP increased carbonation depth.
As known, the earth crust is rich with limestone. The limestone powder (LSP) accounts for about 75 % of the composition of Portland cement (PC). It can be used as cement replacement and in other fields and applications such as agriculture field, metal refining field, gaseous effluents field, production of glass, ceramic, mineral wool, pulp and paper, sodium dichromate and organic chemical due to its wide availability and low cost. Recently, incorporating LSP into different types of geopolymer became a hot topic and became more attention than before. The studies focused on the effect of LSP on the properties of different types of geopolymer may or may not be compatible with each other. This review abridged the available studies focused on the effect of different ratios of LSP on the fresh and hardened properties of different types of geopolymer. The positive or negative effects of LSP on the reaction kinetics, workability, setting time, mechanical strength, water absorption/permeability, carbonation resistance, abrasion resistance and shrinkage were abridged. Some empirical equations obtained from the regression analyses of the results and statistics were established. This review showed that LSP increased the workability. In most cases, LSP at ratios ≤ 30 % increased the compressive strength of slag, metakaolin-clay and fly ash/slag geopolymers, whilst it increased the strength of natural pozzolan at any ratio. The incorporation of 15 % LSP reduced water absorption, but higher ratios increased it. Most of the previous studies reported lower drying shrinkage with including LSP. The setting time was mostly affected by the type of precursor and LSP ratio. No clear trend can be obtained from the effect of LSP on the carbonation resistance and abrasion resistance due to the limitation of the available studies.