Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of obesity prospective-ly on tooth movement via an orthodontic device and changes in inflammatory cytokines, peri-odontal tissues, and orofacial pain.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Prospective de-sign in which data was gathered at baseline T0, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 1 week after the applica-tion of fixed orthodontic appliances. The total sample size was 60 participants aged between 12 to 18 years and divided into 2 groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Anthro-pometrical estimation was made using a bio-impedance meter. A clinical assessment was performed before the application of fixed appli-ance bonding (T0) one hour after bonding (T1), after 24 hours (T2), and finally after one week (T3). At T0 little irregularity index was assessed, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected and periodontal examination including probing depth (PD), gingival bleeding (GB), and the pres-ence or absence of calculus were measured. Orofacial pain was assessed at three levels: 1 hours, 24 hours, and 1 week after application of fixed orthodontics using a visual analog scale. For inter-group comparison, Mann-Whitney and t-tests were used and for interphase, compari-son cluster analysis was performed. The level of significance was p<0.05RESULTS: The participants in obese groups were significantly higher in terms of weight, BMI, WHR, FM, and BF than in the non-obese group (p<0.05). Obese participants had signifi-cantly more PD 4-5 mm (0.64 +/- 0.23 mm) and sig-nificantly higher BoP compared to non-obese participants (0.13 +/- 0.10 mm). Little's irregulari-ty index at T0 and T3 showed no significant dif-ference among obese and non-obese partici-pants. The inflammatory cytokines level of IL-beta was higher in the obese group compared to non -obese groups.CONCLUSIONS: The intensity of orofacial pain was higher in obese participants after 24 hours along with high levels of IL-beta pro -inflam-matory cytokines before and during orthodon-tic treatment. No difference was noted in tooth movement in both obese and non-obese during orthodontic treatment in the first week.