Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study

Tarun Bhatnagar; Sirshendu Chaudhuri; Manickam Ponnaiah; Pragya D Yadav; R Sabarinathan; Rima R Sahay; Faheem Ahmed; S Aswathy; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Anil Bilimale; M Santhosh Kumar; M. Logaraj; Uday Narlawar; C Palanivel; Prakash Patel; Sanjay K Rai; Vartika Saxena; Arvind Singh; Jeromie WV Thangaraj; Ashwini Agarwal; Yasir Alvi; Amoghashree; P Ashok; Dinesh Babu; Yogesh Bahurupi; Sangita Bhalavi; Priyamadhaba Behera; Priyanka Pandit Biswas; Jaykaran Charan; Nishant Kumar Chauhan; K B Chetak; Lalit Dar; Ayan Das; R Deepashree; Minakshi Dhar; Rahul Dhodapkar; T S Dipu; Mridu Dudeja; Manisha Dudhmal; Ravisekhar Gadepalli; Mahendra Kumar Garg; A V Gayathri; Akhil Dhanesh Goel; H Basavana Gowdappa; Randeep Guleria; Manoj Kumar Gupta; Farzana Islam; Mannu Jain; Vineet Jain; M Lanord Stanley Jawahar; Rajendra Joshi; Shashi Kant; Sitanshu Sekhar Kar; Deepjyoti Kalita; Meenakshi Khapre; Satyendra Khichar; Sarika Prabhakar Kombade; Sunil Kohli; Abhinendra Kumar; Anil Kumar; Deepak Kumar; Kiran G Kulirankal; K V Leela; Triparna Majumdar; Baijayantimala Mishra; Puneet Misra; Sanjeev Misra; Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra; M Narayana Murthy; Dimpal A Nyayanit; Manish Patel; Monika Pathania; Savita Patil; Binod Kumar Patro; Ramniwas Jalandra; Pragati Rathod; Naimesh Shah; Anita Shete; Deepak Shukla; M Shwethashree; Smita Sinha; M N Sumana; Ashish Surana; Anjan Trikha; A Tejashree; Mahalingam Venkateshan; G Vijaykrishnan; Sarita Wadhava; Naveet Wig; Nivedita Gupta; Priya Abraham; Manoj V Murhekar

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.033

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Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study

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Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study

Tarun Bhatnagar, Sirshendu Chaudhuri, Manickam Ponnaiah, Pragya D Yadav, R Sabarinathan, Rima R Sahay, Faheem Ahmed, S Aswathy, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Anil Bilimale, …

International journal of infectious diseases, Vol.122, pp.693-702

01/09/2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.033

PMID: 35843496

Abstract

AZD1222/Covishield

BBV152/Covaxin

COVID-19 vaccines

Delta variant

Effectiveness

India

•Multi-centric hospital-based study was conducted across 11 cities in India.•Both Covishield and Covaxin confer high protection against severe COVID-19.•Both vaccines provide high protection against severe disease by the Delta strain.•Expansion of the two-dose vaccination coverage is key to reducing hospitalizations. India introduced BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines in January 2021. We estimated the effectiveness of these vaccines against severe COVID-19 among individuals aged ≥45 years. We did a multi-centric, hospital-based, case-control study between May and July 2021. Cases were severe COVID-19 patients, and controls were COVID-19 negative individuals from 11 hospitals. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for complete (2 doses ≥ 14 days) and partial (1 dose ≥ 21 days) vaccination; interval between two vaccine doses and vaccination against the Delta variant. We used the random effects logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for relevant known confounders. We enrolled 1143 cases and 2541 control patients. The VE of complete vaccination was 85% (95% CI: 79-89%) with AZD1222/Covishield and 71% (95% CI: 57-81%) with BBV152/Covaxin. The VE was highest for 6-8 weeks between two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (94%, 95% CI: 86-97%) and BBV152/Covaxin (93%, 95% CI: 34-99%). The VE estimates were similar against the Delta strain and sub-lineages. BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield were effective against severe COVID-19 among the Indian population during the period of dominance of the highly transmissible Delta variant in the second wave of the pandemic. An escalation of two-dose coverage with COVID-19 vaccines is critical to reduce severe COVID-19 and further mitigate the pandemic in the country.

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Title: Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study
Creators - without role: Tarun Bhatnagar - National Institute of Epidemiology
Sirshendu Chaudhuri - National Institute of Epidemiology
Manickam Ponnaiah - National Institute of Epidemiology
Pragya D Yadav - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
R Sabarinathan - National Institute of Epidemiology
Rima R Sahay - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Faheem Ahmed - Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
S Aswathy - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
Pankaj Bhardwaj - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Anil Bilimale - JSS Medical College and Hospital
M Santhosh Kumar - National Institute of Epidemiology
M. Logaraj - SRM Dental College
Uday Narlawar - Government Medical College
C Palanivel - Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
Prakash Patel - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Sanjay K Rai - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Vartika Saxena - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Arvind Singh - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
Jeromie WV Thangaraj - National Institute of Epidemiology
Ashwini Agarwal - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Yasir Alvi - Jamia Hamdard
Amoghashree - JSS Medical College and Hospital
P Ashok - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Dinesh Babu - Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research
Yogesh Bahurupi - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sangita Bhalavi - Government Medical College
Priyamadhaba Behera - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
Priyanka Pandit Biswas - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Jaykaran Charan - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Nishant Kumar Chauhan - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
K B Chetak - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Lalit Dar - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Ayan Das - Jamia Hamdard
R Deepashree - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Minakshi Dhar - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Rahul Dhodapkar - Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research
T S Dipu - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India
Mridu Dudeja - Jamia Hamdard
Manisha Dudhmal - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Ravisekhar Gadepalli - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Mahendra Kumar Garg - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
A V Gayathri - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
Akhil Dhanesh Goel - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
H Basavana Gowdappa - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Randeep Guleria - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Manoj Kumar Gupta - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Farzana Islam - Jamia Hamdard
Mannu Jain - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Vineet Jain - Jamia Hamdard
M Lanord Stanley Jawahar - SRM Dental College
Rajendra Joshi - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Shashi Kant - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sitanshu Sekhar Kar - Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research
Deepjyoti Kalita - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Meenakshi Khapre - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Satyendra Khichar - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sarika Prabhakar Kombade - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sunil Kohli - Jamia Hamdard
Abhinendra Kumar - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Anil Kumar - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
Deepak Kumar - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Kiran G Kulirankal - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
K V Leela - SRM Dental College
Triparna Majumdar - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Baijayantimala Mishra - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
Puneet Misra - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Sanjeev Misra - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Prasanta Raghab Mohapatra - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
M Narayana Murthy - JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India
Dimpal A Nyayanit - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Manish Patel - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Monika Pathania - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Savita Patil - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Binod Kumar Patro - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
Ramniwas Jalandra - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur
Pragati Rathod - Government Medical College
Naimesh Shah - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Anita Shete - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Deepak Shukla - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
M Shwethashree - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Smita Sinha - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
M N Sumana - JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India
Ashish Surana - Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat
Anjan Trikha - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
A Tejashree - JSS Medical College and Hospital
Mahalingam Venkateshan - All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar
G Vijaykrishnan - SRM Dental College
Sarita Wadhava - Government Medical College
Naveet Wig - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Nivedita Gupta - Indian Council of Medical Research
Priya Abraham - ICMR-National Institute of Virology
Manoj V Murhekar - National Institute of Epidemiology
Publication Details: International journal of infectious diseases, Vol.122, pp.693-702
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Identifiers: 9919466108331
Academic Unit: King Faisal University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article