Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of mechanical debridement (MD) with and without adjunct antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of periodontal inflammation among patients with prediabetes.
Methods: Demographic information was collected using a questionnaire. Hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) levels were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months' follow-up. Treatment Individuals were randomly divided into 2 groups as follows: (a) Group-1, participants underwent full mouth MD; and Group-2: participants underwent full-mouth MD with adjunct aPDT. In groups 1 and 2, full mouth plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing pocket depth (PPD) were measured at baseline and at 3 and 6 months' follow-up. In both groups, full-mouth digital intraoral radiographs were also taken. Sample-size was estimated and statistical analysis was performed with level of significance set as P < 0.05.
Results: In total, 70 prediabetic male individuals (35 patients in group-1 and 35 in group-2) were included. At baseline, PI, BOP, number of sites with PPD >= 4 mm were comparable among individuals in groups 1 and 2. In groups 1 and 2, PI (P < 0.05), BOP (P < 0.05), number of sites with PPD >= 4 mm (P < 0.05) were significantly higher at baseline compared with 3 months' follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference in PI, BOP, number of sites with PPD >= 4 mm at 3 and 6 months' follow-up. At 6 months' follow-up, PI, BOP, number of sites with PPD >= 4 mm were comparable to their respective baseline values. There was no statistically significant difference in CBL in both groups at 3 and 6 months' follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference in HbAlc levels among individuals in groups 1 and 2 at all-time intervals.
Conclusion: In the short-term, MD is effective in reducing periodontal inflammation among patients with pre diabetes. The contribution of adjunct aPDT in this regard is insignificant.