Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy in patients with Graves' disease (GD) in Assiut University Hospital. We retrospectively evaluated two hundred and seven patients with GD, after their therapy with I-131. Before therapy all the included patients underwent neck ultrasound, hormonal assay and (99m)Technetiumpertechntate (Tc-99m) thyroid scintigraphy to evaluate percentage uptake of the thyroid gland, after therapy all patients followed up clinically and laboratory every 3 months for at least one year to detect outcome; where euthyroid or hypothyroid status denotes successful therapy. Successful outcome obtained in 165/207 patients representing 79.7% of the study population while in the remaining 42 (20.3%) patients a second dose was required. In Univariate analysis only dose of I-131 and previous thyroid surgery are the important factors (P value = 0.003 and 0.001 respectively). We concluded that I-131 therapy is highly effective and cost-effective method for treatment of GD, higher doses are associated with higher success rate.