Abstract
Considering the health benefits of tocotrienols, continuous works have been done on the encapsulation and delivery of these compounds. In this study, we encapsulated tocotrienols in chitosan-alginate microcapsules and evaluated their release profile. Generally, these tocotrienols microcapsules (TM) displayed high thermal stability. When subjected to pH adjustments (pH 1-9), we observed that the release of tocotrienols was the highest (33.78 +/- 0.18%) under basic conditions. The TM were also unstable against the effect of ionic strength, with a high release (70.73 +/- 0.04%) of tocotrienols even at a low sodium chloride concentration (50 mM). As for the individual isomers, delta-tocotrienol was the most sensitive to pH and ionic strength. In contrast, beta-/gamma--tocotrienols were the most ionic-stable isomers but more responsive toward thermal treatment. Simulated gastrointestinal model showed that the chitosan-alginate-based TM could be used to retain tocotrienols in the gastric and subsequently release them in the intestines for possible absorption.