Abstract
Aim. - Study the effects of two extremely destroyed physical exercises on the immunity cells' circulation and on the freedom of pro-inflammatory cytokines for trained and untrained subjects.
Patients and methods. - Our investigations were performed on 21 mates divided into 14 trained subjects and seven untrained subjects. Trained subjects were seperated into seven specialists in endurance running and seven specialists in resistance running. Each subject has undergone two track races up to exhaustion. The first race is a continuous incremental event (VAMEVAL test), the second one is also continuous but with a constant intensity (time-limited test at 100% of the individual maximal aerobic speed). Two blood samples were taken after each test, at rest and immediately after the effort.
Results. - The two tests give more leucocytes in the circulation and significantly stimulate the freedom of inflammation for all candidates cytokines (p < 0.05 for all). The nature of the imposed exercise, the training state and the specialty do not modify leucocytes level, neutrophiles and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha; they only modify the lymphocytes level, monocytes, cytokine IL-1 beta and cytokine IL-6. However, in the end of the incremented test, the athletes of endurance were distinguished versus untrained subjects by a higher level of lymphocytes (5028.57 +/- 398.8 lymphocytes per milliliter vs. 3800 +/- 953.94 lymphocytes per milliliter) and a weak concentration of cytokine IL-1 beta (58.07 +/- 16.86 pg/ml vs. 75.44 +/- 20.14 pg/ml). The later was tow with the athletes of endurance than those of resistance specialties (58.07 +/- 16.86 pg/ml vs. 62.91 +/- 24.82 pg/ml). So, in the end of the limited time test, monocytes were significantly higher for untrained subjects compared to athletes, especially those of resistance athletes' specialty (942.86 +/- 345.7 monocytes per milliliter vs. 571.43 +/- 138.01 monocytes per milliliter). Concentration of cytokine IL-6 was higher than this of untrained subjects (SED: 84.5 +/- 15.18 pg/ml; SE: 56.02 +/- 21.48 pg/ml; SR: 62.94 +/- 17.94 pg/ml). Constant test solicited more monocytes for untrained subjects compared to incremented test (942.86 +/- 345.7 monocytes per milliliter vs. 514.28 +/- 157.361 monocytes per milliliter), more cytokine IL-1 beta for endurance athletes' specialty (74.74 +/- 13.93 pg/ml vs. 58.07 +/- 16.86 pg/ml) and more cytokine IL-6 for untrained subjects (84.5 +/- 15.18 pg/ml vs. 57.54 +/- 16.26 pg/ml) and for resistance athletes' specialty (62.94 +/- 17.94 pg/ml vs. 42.48 +/- 13.06 pg/ml). The study of intercorrelations proved the freedom of inflammation cytokines on liaison with the lost of blood in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenate found respectively by the constant intensity tests (p = 0.018 for untrained subjects and endurance athletes' specialty; p = 0.027 for resistance athletes' specialty) or for incremented ones (p = 0.018 for all).
Conclusion. - The extremely destroyed physical exercise significantly solicitates the immunity cells' circulation and the freedom of inflammatory cytokines. It enhances the lost of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenate that evokes muscle injuries which shows the importance of the adopted exercise type, training state and its specialty. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.