Abstract
In this work, we made an effort by differing the concentration of indium (In3+) ions doped in copper bismuthate (CuBi2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) through one step hydrothermal process for selective and sensitive electrochemical detection of antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine (CPZ). Results highlight that In3+ doped CuBi2O4 is more suitable to promotes the electrochemical activity than bare CuBi2O4 for the detection of CPZ. The improvement in physical and chemical nature of CuBi2O4 with substitution of In3+ on the system was confirmed through X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Besides, electrochemical studies reveal that the 'rod-like structured' of In3+-CuBi2O4 modified electrode shows better catalytic ability for determination of CPZ with a wider response range (0.006-120 mu M) along with a lower detection limit (1.2 nM) and higher sensitivity (1.76 mu A mu M-1 cm(-2)). The feasibility of the proposed In3+CuBi2O4 electrochemical sensor has been tested in real sample analysis of CPZ drug with acceptable recovery range. This analysis can provide truly innovative opportunities for exploring the potential of using In3+-CuBi2O4 for selective CPZ detection.