Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing health concern in Saudi Arabia due to its increasing incidence and prevalence rates. Patients with renal failure who require renal replacement therapy have high healthcare costs and poor outcomes. The total number of patients who are receiving renal replacement therapy has been increasing rapidly in recent decades, as the Saudi Centre for Organ Transplantation data (SCOT) have demonstrated. This study aimed to determine the frequency and cause of chronic kidney diseases among all age groups in the Tabuk region, Saudi Arabia. The medical records of confirmed renal disease patients of all age groups who were on hemodialysis in the Tabuk region from 2012 to 2018 were examined to determine the prevalence and incidence of ESRD in the Tabuk region of Saudi Arabia. In addition, a cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with the help of local government and nongovernment hospitals in the Tabuk region, and data were collected during personal interviews and from completed comprehensive questionnaires. In five years, there was a 51.2% increase in the number of new patients on hemodialysis. In addition, the data showed that 69% of the total hemodialysis patients were in the productive age group (26-65 years old).These data give the impression that both the incidence and prevalence rates of ESRD in various areas are increasing over time, although the rates presented here are far lower than expected.