Abstract
The present study deals with the synthesis, characterization, and testing of g-C3N4-PANI-PPy nanohybrids for electrochemical and photocatalytic studies. For the formation of nanohybrids, the chemical oxidative method was employed and was thoroughly characterized for the surface, functional, and elemental properties by making use of different instrumental techniques like XRD, XPS, FTIR, UV-Vis, Raman, FESEM, HRTEM, and EDAX. On testing of the electrochemical sensing properties, we found that the g-C3N4-PANI-PPy modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited satisfactory results for the mebendazole drug detection and is supported by the formation of layer and donor-acceptor behavior corresponding to the electrochemical cyclic stability. Further, the g-C3N4-PANI-PPy nanohybrid investigated to have high photocatalytic performance towards the degradation of organic dye, methylene blue, and is supported by the enhanced specific surface area and transition of surface electrons. Finally, with such beneficial features of electrochemical sensitivity and great catalytic activity, the developed g-C3N4-PANI-PPy hybrid can find applications in the analytical laboratories and also catalysis research.
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•Chemical linking of g-C3N4 with that of PANI and PPy generated g-C3N4-PANI-PPy nanohybrids.•The nanohybrids active towards multiple application sites of electrochemical detection of mebendazole drug and photocatalytic degradation of MB.•The detection limit and quantitation limits of mebendazole are 0.1481 µM µA−1 and 0.4717 µM µA−1.•The photocatalytic degradation of MB dye provided the maximum efficiency of 95.5%.•These significant results confirm for the potential applications of g-C3N4-PANI-PPy nanohybrids as electrode and photocatalyst material.