Abstract
Background and objective: The incidence of diabetes mellitus is considered as a major global medical issue around the world in the recent years. Magnesium deficiency has a negative influence on glucose metabolism and plays a critical role in the initiation of diabetic complications. Hence, in the current study, we attempt to explore the level of magnesium ion and other biochemical markers in diabetic participants and to probe credential signs and the association between correlations with other biochemical markers studied in diabetic participants. Subjects and methods: The current study included 80 participants, out of which two groups were formed: 40 healthy participants with normal blood glucose level, 40 type 2 diabetes participants. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), electrolyte profile (sodium, potassium, and magnesium), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine were evaluated. Moreover, lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-cholesterol) and the correlation between serum magnesium level and biochemical markers among diabetic participants were assayed. Results: Diabetic participants were characterized by a remarkable elevation in the FBS, HbA1c, BUN, creatinine level, potassium and a significant alteration in lipid profile as compared to healthy participants, while diabetic participants showed a significant decline in the sodium and magnesium levels as compared to healthy participants. Moreover, significant negative correlations were noticed with low serum magnesium and total cholesterol level, HDL-cholesterol, and potassium in diabetic participants. Conclusion: The alterations in lipid and electrolyte profiles observed in diabetic participants have great potential as a diagnostic tool in clinical practice especially hypomagnesaemia which was widespread among our diabetic participants and its correlations with other biochemical markers studied bears important clinical implications in achieving better control of the risk of diabetic complications.