Abstract
Simulation of water flow and solute transport in the soil environment requires accurate estimates of the soil water retention characteristics (SWRC). In this study, multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to develop two site-specific pedotransfer functions (PTFs), a point (MLRP) and a parametric (MLRF), using soil properties of 43 soil samples collected from the Jazan region, southwest of Saudi Arabia. The accuracy of the developed PTFs and four existing PTFs to determine the SWRC, predict soil water content (SWC) at - 10, - 33, and - 1500 kPa, and estimate available water content (AWC) was assessed. The MLRP and the Schaap PTFs produced the best estimate of SWC, with smaller root mean square error (RMSE) (0.023-0.053 cm(3) cm(-3)), and larger D-index (0.8-0.9) and Akaike information criterion (AIC) (- 303.7 to - 240.7), respectively. The largest prediction errors in the estimation of SWC were observed at matric potential close to field capacity (FC). For the AWC, the Schaap PTF provided the best prediction (RMSE = 0.014 cm(3) cm(-3), D-index = 0.93, AIC = - 359.9), followed by the MLRP PTF (RMSE = 0.027 cm(3) cm(-3), D-index = 0.83, AIC = - 302.1), whereas the Vereecken, Gupta and Larson, and the MLRF PTFs produced less accurate predictions of the AWC. The MLRP PTF proved to be more accurate compared to other tested PTFs in the prediction of SWC at both FC and permanent wilting point (PWP). In contrast, the MLRF PTF produced a relatively large error in the estimation of SWC at FC.