Abstract
A new series of 2-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridine derivatives were synthesized via traditional heating and under ultrasonic irradiation to run out comparative study and confirm the utility of the green chemistry in organic synthesis. An improvement in the rates and yields were observed upon carrying out the reactions under environmentally benign protocol. The newly produced compounds were scanned in vitro for their adverse activity on HepG2 (Human liver) carcinoma cell lines. Results revealed that the tested compounds possess an inhibitory effect on the growth of HepG2 carcinoma cells. The naphthyridinyl pyridine derivatives 4c and 5c showed significant cytotoxic activity. The oxo-pyridine derivative 4c was more potent than the reference drug doxorubicin (DOX), while the imino-pyridine derivative 5c showed slight reduction in the potency. On the other hand, Mannich bases (2a,c,d,e) showed good activity and the styryl derivatives (6b-d) showed moderate activity when compared to (DOX).