Abstract
The indiscriminate overuse and misuse of antibiotics worldwide has resulted in high rates of antimicrobial resistance, raising new human health challenges WHO has reported antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as one of the emerging world crises. High level of drug resistance was reported in ESKAPE pathogens which cause most infections within the hospital environment. Marine organisms' synthesis antimicrobial peptides (AMP) for itself defence against several pathogenic microorganisms. Thus the present study focuses on extraction of AMP from three marine invertebrates Portunus sanguinolentus Herbst (crab), Perna viridis Linneaus (Mussel) and Octopus indicus Orbigny and determining its anti-ESKAPE activity against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanni. The best solvents among Ethanol, Methanol, Acetone and Petroleum ether for AMP recovery was evaluated. Crude extracts were purified using ion exchange chromatography. Acetone showed higher AMP recovery on Portunus sanguinolentus Herbst (crab); and petroleum ether showed higher AMP recovery on Perna viridis Linneaus (Mussel) and Octopus indicus Orbigny. Antibacterial activity was found to be higher on purified extracts than the crude extracts. AMP from Mussel (Perna viridis Linneaus) showed broad range and higher anti-ESKAPE activity than the other two species. Therefore, AMP from Perna viridis Linneaus can be further used for development of antibacterial drugs for treatment of MDR pathogenic infections.