Abstract
Background: IgA nephropathy is a common glomerular disease worldwide. However, in children, it is rare for IgA nephropathy to present with advanced chronic histological changes on renal biopsy. Here, we present the case of child who was found to have IgA nephropathy with chronic changes in renal biopsy findings.
Case Presentation: A 5-year-old male presented with hematuria preceded by upper respiratory infection for 23 days. Based on his initial urine analysis and serum creatinine, we presumed that he had acute kidney injury secondary to post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Renal biopsy was preformed and he was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy with global sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Immunosuppressive medications with steroid and mycophenolate mofetil were administered, but there was little improvement after 3 months and the patient was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease stage 3.
Conclusions: Although this is rare, IgA nephropathy in children can initially present with advanced chronic renal disease. The distinction of acute versus chronic IgA nephropathy is crucial as the two clinical entities require different pharmacological management strategies and approaches.