Abstract
This trend of research deals with preparation of mesoporous TiO
2
by a simple approach using sol–gel method by various surfactant templates. The designed nano-adsorbents TiO
2
were featured by various characterization methods of Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, surface area analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller), transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope. These obtained nano-adsorbents are examined as functional adsorbents for lead ions up taking from contaminated soil specimens. The results presented the effect of ionic and nonionic surfactant templates on the texture of the three types of mesoporous TiO
2
nano-adsorbents. The effects of the temperature, pH, and amount of nano-adsorbents TiO
2
on the adsorption process were studied. The optimum conditions of 25 °C, 5, and 0.1 g were obtained for temperature, pH, and amount of adsorbents, respectively. The obtained results revealed that about 97.6, 99.1, and 95.3% of total adsorptive capacity were obtained for Ti C, Ti S, and Ti P, respectively, at 100 mg L
−1
of Pb(II) ions in soil solutions during 120 min. The adsorption isotherm and the thermodynamic parameters were further illustrated. These findings recommended these nano-adsorbent TiO
2
as adequate adsorbents in remediation process of Pb-enriched soil.
Graphical Abstract