Abstract
In a cylindrical cavity, the convection and entropy of the hybrid nanofluid were studied. We have introduced a rectangular fin inside the cylinder; the fin temperature is at
T
h
. The right waving wall is cooled to
T
c
. The upper and lower walls are insulated. This study contains the induction of a constant magnetic field. The Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) is utilized to treat the controlling equations obtained by giving Rayleigh number values between
R
a
(10
3
–10
6
) and Hartmann number ratio
H
a
(0, 25, 50, 100) and Darcy ranging between
D
a
(10
−2
–10
−5
) and the porosity ratio is
ε
(0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8), and the size of the nanoparticles is
ϕ
(0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08). The range is essential for controlling both fluid flow and the heat transport rate for normal convection. The outcomes show how Da affects entropy and leads to a decline in entropy development. The dynamic and Nusselt mean diverge in a straight line. The domain acts in opposition to the magnetic force while flowing. Highest entropy-forming situations were found in higher amounts of
R
a
,
D
a
, and initial values of
H
a
. Parameters like additive nanoparticles (
ϕ
) and porosity (
ε
) exert diagonal dominant trends with their improving values.