Abstract
An experiment was conducted to elucidate the genetic governance of within boll yield components and physiological trait of cotton under control and salinity stress. Ionic concentration varied in all of the genotypes at both salinity levels, ie., higher Na+ concentration was observed in stress condition. Male, female interaction was significant in lint mass per unit seed surface area, chlorophyll content, K+/N-a+ ratio, concluding that within boll yield components and ionic concentration in cell are controlled by non-additive type of gene action. High broad sense heritability and mild narrow sense heritability estimates revealed that within boll yield components and physiological traits are probably controlled by additive and non-additive gene action with pronounced effect of non-additive gene action under control and salt stress condition. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability was vigorous in stress condition due to the interaction of salinity tolerant genes of tolerant genotypes. Genetic governance is influenced due to specific environmental factors therefore care should be taken in the entitlement of genetic governance of particular traits.