Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

Richard Karlsson Linner; Pietro Biroli; Edward Kong; Fleur W. Meddens; Robbee Wedow; Mark Alan Fontana; Mael Lebreton; Stephen P. Tino; Abdel Abdellaoui; Anke R. Hammerschlag; Michel G. Nivard; Aysu Okbay; Cornelius A. Rietveld; Pascal N. Timshel; Maciej Trzaskowski; Ronald de Vlaming; Christian L. Zund; Yanchun Bao; Laura Buzdugan; Ann H. Caplin; Chia-Yen Chen; Peter Eibich; Pierre Fontanillas; Juan R. Gonzalez; Peter K. Joshi; Ville Karhunen; Aaron Kleinman; Remy Z. Levin; Christina M. Lill; Gerardus A. Meddens; Gerard Muntane; Sandra Sanchez-Roige; Frank J. van Rooij; Erdogan Taskesen; Yang Wu; Futao Zhang; Michelle Agee; Babak Alipanahi; Robert K. Bell; Katarzyna Bryc; Sarah L. Elson; Nicholas A. Furlotte; Karen E. Huber; Nadia K. Litterman; Jennifer C. McCreight; Matthew H. McIntyre; Joanna L. Mountain; Carrie A. M. Northover; Steven J. Pitts; J. Fah Sathirapongsasuti; Olga V. Sazonova; Janie F. Shelton; Suyash Shringarpure; Chao Tian; Joyce Y. Tung; Vladimir Vacic; Catherine H. Wilson; Mawusse Agbessi; Habibul Ahsan; Isabel Alves; Anand Andiappan; Philip Awadalla; Alexis Battle; Frank Beutner; Marc Jan Bonder; Dorret I. Boomsma; Mark Christiansen; Annique Claringbould; Patrick Deelen; Tonu Esko; Marie-Julie Fave; Lude Franke; Timothy Frayling; Sina A. Gharib; Gregory Gibson; Bastiaan Heijmans; Gibran Hemani; Rick Jansen; Mika Kahonen; Anette Kalnapenkis; Silva Kasela; Johannes Kettunen; Yungil Kim; Holger Kirsten; Peter Kovacs; Knut Krohn; Jaanika Kronberg-Guzman; Viktorija Kukushkina; Zoltan Kutalik; Bernett Lee; Terho Lehtimaki; Markus Loeffler; Urko M. Marigorta; Andres Metspalu; Lili Milani; Grant W. Montgomery; Martina Mueller-Nurasyid; Matthias Nauck; Brenda Penninx; Markus Perola; Natalia Pervjakova; Brandon Pierce; Joseph Powell; Holger Prokisch; Bruce M. Psaty; Olli Raitakari; Susan Ring; Samuli Ripatti; Olaf Rotzchke; Sina Rueger; Ashis Saha; Markus Scholz; Katharina Schramm; Ilkka Seppala; Michael Stumvoll; Patrick Sullivan; Peter-Bramt Hoen; Alexander Teumer; Joachim Thiery; Lin Tong; Anke Tonjes; Jenny van Dongen; Joyce van Meurs; Joost Verlouw; Peter M. Visscher; Uwe Voelker; Urmo Vosa; Harm-Jan Westra; Hanieh Yaghootkar; Jian Yang; Biao Zeng; James J. Lee; Tune H. Pers; Patrick Turley; Guo-Bo Chen; Valur Emilsson; Sven Oskarsson; Joseph K. Pickrell; Kevin Thom; Pascal Timshel; Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia; Jonas Bacelis; Clemens Baumbach; Gyda Bjornsdottir; Johannes H. Brandsma; Maria Pina Concas; Jaime Derringer; Tessel E. Galesloot; Giorgia Girotto; Richa Gupta; Leanne M. Hall; Sarah E. Harris; Edith Hofer; Momoko Horikoshi; Jennifer E. Huffman; Kadri Kaasik; Ioanna P. Kalafati; Augustine Kong; Jari Lahti; Sven J. van der Lee; Christiaan de Leeuw; Penelope A. Lind; Karl-Oskar Lindgren; Tian Liu; Massimo Mangino; Jonathan Marten; Evelin Mihailov; Michael B. Miller; Peter J. van der Most; Christopher Oldmeadow; Antony Payton; Wouter J. Peyrot; Yong Qian; Rico Rueedi; Erika Salvi; Boerge Schmidt; Katharina E. Schraut; Jianxin Shi; Albert V. Smith; Raymond A. Poot; Beate St Pourcain; Gudmar Thorleifsson; Niek Verweij; Dragana Vuckovic; Juergen Wellmann; Jingyun Yang; Wei Zhao; Zhihong Zhu; Behrooz Z. Alizadeh; Najaf Amin; Andrew Bakshi; Sebastian E. Baumeister; Ginevra Biino; Klaus Bonnelykke; Patricia A. Boyle; Harry Campbell; Francesco P. Cappuccio; Gail Davies; Jan-Emmanuel De Neve; Panos Deloukas; Ilja Demuth; Jun Ding; Lewin Eisele; Niina Eklund; David M. Evans; Jessica D. Faul; Mary F. Feitosa; Andreas J. Forstner; Ilaria Gandin; Bjarni Gunnarsson; Bjarni V. Halldorsson; Tamara B. Harris; Andrew C. Heath; Lynne J. Hocking; Elizabeth G. Holliday; Georg Homuth; Michael A. Horan; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Philip L. de Jager; Astanand Jugessur; Marika A. Kaakinen; Stavroula Kanoni; Liisa Keltigangas-Jarvinen; Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney; Ivana Kolcic; Seppo Koskinen; Aldi T. Kraja; Martin Kroh; Antti Latvala; Lenore J. Launer; Mael P. Lebreton; Douglas F. Levinson; Paul Lichtenstein; Peter Lichtner; David C. M. Liewald; Anu Loukola; Pamela A. Madden; Reedik Magi; Tomi Maki-Opas; Riccardo E. Marioni; Pedro Marques-Vidal; George McMahon; Christa Meisinger; Thomas Meitinger; Yusplitri Milaneschi; Ronny Myhre; Christopher P. Nelson; Dale R. Nyholt; William E. R. Ollier; Aarno Palotie; Lavinia Paternoster; Nancy L. Pedersen; Katja E. Petrovic; David J. Porteous; Katri Raikkonen; Susan M. Ring; Antonietta Robino; Olga Rostapshova; Igor Rudan; Aldo Rustichini; Veikko Salomaa; Alan R. Sanders; Antti-Pekka Sarin; Helena Schmidt; Rodney J. Scott; Blair H. Smith; Jennifer A. Smith; Jan A. Staessen; Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen; Konstantin Strauch; Antonio Terracciano; Martin D. Tobin; Sheila Ulivi; Simona Vaccargiu; Lydia Quaye; Cristina Venturini; Anna A. E. Vinkhuyzen; Henry Voelzke; Judith M. Vonk; Diego Vozzi; Johannes Waage; Erin B. Ware; Gonneke Willemsen; John R. Attia; David A. Bennett; Klaus Berger; Lars Bertram; Hans Bisgaard; Ingrid B. Borecki; Ute Bultmann; Christopher F. Chabris; Francesco Cucca; Daniele Cusi; J. Deary; George V. Dedoussis; Cornelia M. van Duijn; Johan G. Eriksson; Barbara Franke; Paolo Gasparini; Pablo V. Gejman; Christian Gieger; Hans-Joergen Grabe; Jacob Gratten; Vilmundur Gudnason; Pim van der Harst; Caroline Hayward; David A. Hinds; Wolfgang Hoffmann; Elina Hypponen; William G. Iacono; Bo Jacobsson; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; Karl-Heinz Jockel; Jaakko Kaprio; Sharon L. R. Kardia; Steven F. Lehrer; Patrik K. E. Magnusson; Nicholas G. Martin; Matt McGue; Neil Pendleton; Nicola Pirastu; Mario Pirastu; Ozren Polasek; Danielle Posthuma; Christine Power; Michael A. Province; Nilesh J. Samani; David Schlessinger; Reinhold Schmidt; Thorkild I. A. Sorensen; Tim D. Spector; Kari Stefansson; Unnur Thorsteinsdottir; A. Roy Thurik; Nicholas J. Timpson; Henning Tiemeier; Andre G. Uitterlinden; Veronique Vitart; Peter Vollenweider; David R. Weir; James F. Wilson; Alan F. Wright; Dalton C. Conley; Robert F. Krueger; George Davey Smith; David I. Laibson; Sarah E. Medland; Magnus Johannesson; Philipp D. Koellinger; David Cesarini; Daniel J. Benjamin; Adam Auton; Jason D. Boardman; David W. Clark; Andrew Conlin; Conor C. Dolan; Urs Fischbacher; Patrick J. F. Groenen; Kathleen Mullan Harris; Gregor Hasler; Albert Hofman; Mohammad A. Ikram; Sonia Jain; Robert Karlsson; Ronald C. Kessler; Maarten Kooyman; James MacKillop; Minna Mannikko; Carlos Morcillo-Suarez; Matthew B. McQueen; Klaus M. Schmidt; Melissa C. Smart; Matthias Sutter; Jon White; Harriet de Wit; Ernst Fehr; Meena Kumari; David Laibson; Michelle N. Meyer; Arcadi Navarro; Abraham A. Palmer; Daniel Schunk; Murray B. Stein; Rauli Svento; Paul R. H. J. Timmers; Robert J. Ursano; Gert G. Wagner; Jonathan P. Beauchamp; eQTLgen Consortium

doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0309-3

Back

Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences

Richard Karlsson Linner, Pietro Biroli, Edward Kong, Fleur W. Meddens, Robbee Wedow, Mark Alan Fontana, Mael Lebreton, Stephen P. Tino, Abdel Abdellaoui, Anke R. Hammerschlag, …

Nature genetics, Vol.51(2), pp.245-257

01/02/2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0309-3

PMID: 30643258

Abstract

Genetics & Heredity

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Science & Technology

Humans vary substantially in their willingness to take risks. In a combined sample of over 1 million individuals, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of general risk tolerance, adventurousness, and risky behaviors in the driving, drinking, smoking, and sexual domains. Across all GWAS, we identified hundreds of associated loci, including 99 loci associated with general risk tolerance. We report evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across risk tolerance and the risky behaviors: 46 of the 99 general risk tolerance loci contain a lead SNP for at least one of our other GWAS, and general risk tolerance is genetically correlated (vertical bar(r) over cap (g)vertical bar similar to 0.25 to 0.50) with a range of risky behaviors. Bioinformatics analyses imply that genes near SNPs associated with general risk tolerance are highly expressed in brain tissues and point to a role for glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. We found no evidence of enrichment for genes previously hypothesized to relate to risk tolerance.

Metrics

1 Record Views

See more details

Details

Title: Genome-wide association analyses of risk tolerance and risky behaviors in over 1 million individuals identify hundreds of loci and shared genetic influences
Creators - without role: Richard Karlsson Linner - University of Amsterdam
Pietro Biroli - University of Zurich
Edward Kong - Harvard University
Fleur W. Meddens - University of Amsterdam
Robbee Wedow - Broad Institute
Mark Alan Fontana - Hosp Special Surg, Ctr Adv Value Musculoskeletal Care, 535 E 70th St, New York, NY 10021 USA
Mael Lebreton - University of Amsterdam
Stephen P. Tino - University of Toronto
Abdel Abdellaoui - University of Amsterdam
Anke R. Hammerschlag - University of Amsterdam
Michel G. Nivard - University of Amsterdam
Aysu Okbay - University of Amsterdam
Cornelius A. Rietveld - Supreme Council Of Health
Pascal N. Timshel - University of Copenhagen
Maciej Trzaskowski - University of Queensland
Ronald de Vlaming - University of Amsterdam
Christian L. Zund - University of Zurich
Yanchun Bao - University of Essex
Laura Buzdugan - Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Math, Seminar Stat, Zurich, Switzerland
Ann H. Caplin - Supreme Council Of Health
Chia-Yen Chen - Broad Institute
Peter Eibich - University of Oxford
Pierre Fontanillas - 23andMe
Juan R. Gonzalez - Barcelona Institute for Global Health
Peter K. Joshi - University of Edinburgh
Ville Karhunen - University of Oulu
Aaron Kleinman - 23andMe
Remy Z. Levin - Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Econ, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Christina M. Lill - University of Lübeck
Gerardus A. Meddens - Team Loyalty BV, Hoofddorp, Netherlands
Gerard Muntane - Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain
Sandra Sanchez-Roige - Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Frank J. van Rooij - Erasmus MC
Erdogan Taskesen - University of Amsterdam
Yang Wu - University of Queensland
Futao Zhang - University of Queensland
Michelle Agee - 23andMe
Babak Alipanahi - 23andMe
Robert K. Bell - 23andMe
Katarzyna Bryc - 23andMe
Sarah L. Elson - 23andMe
Nicholas A. Furlotte - 23andMe
Karen E. Huber - 23andMe
Nadia K. Litterman - 23andMe
Jennifer C. McCreight - 23andMe
Matthew H. McIntyre - 23andMe
Joanna L. Mountain - 23andMe
Carrie A. M. Northover - 23andMe
Steven J. Pitts - 23andMe
J. Fah Sathirapongsasuti - 23andMe
Olga V. Sazonova - 23andMe
Janie F. Shelton - 23andMe
Suyash Shringarpure - 23andMe
Chao Tian - 23andMe
Joyce Y. Tung - 23andMe
Vladimir Vacic - 23andMe
Catherine H. Wilson - 23andMe
Mawusse Agbessi - Ontario Inst Canc Res, Computat Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Habibul Ahsan - University of Chicago
Isabel Alves - Ontario Inst Canc Res, Computat Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Anand Andiappan - Singapore Immunol Network Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Singapore, Singapore
Philip Awadalla - Ontario Inst Canc Res, Computat Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Alexis Battle - Johns Hopkins University
Frank Beutner - Univ Leipzig, Heart Ctr Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Marc Jan Bonder - University of Groningen
Dorret I. Boomsma - University of Amsterdam
Mark Christiansen - University of Washington
Annique Claringbould - University of Groningen
Patrick Deelen - University of Groningen
Tonu Esko - University of Tartu
Marie-Julie Fave - Ontario Inst Canc Res, Computat Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada
Lude Franke - University of Groningen
Timothy Frayling - University of Exeter
Sina A. Gharib - University of Washington
Gregory Gibson - Supreme Council Of Health
Bastiaan Heijmans - Leiden University
Gibran Hemani - University of Bristol
Rick Jansen - University of Amsterdam
Mika Kahonen - Univ Tampere, Tampere Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol, Tampere, Finland
Anette Kalnapenkis - University of Tartu
Silva Kasela - University of Tartu
Johannes Kettunen - University of Helsinki
Yungil Kim - Johns Hopkins University
Holger Kirsten - Univ Leipzig, Inst Med Informa Stat & Epidemiol, Leipzig Res Ctr Civilizat Dis LIFE, Leipzig, Germany
Peter Kovacs - Univ Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Knut Krohn - College Station Medical Center
Jaanika Kronberg-Guzman - University of Tartu
Viktorija Kukushkina - University of Tartu
Zoltan Kutalik - Lausanne Univ Hosp, Lausanne, Switzerland
Bernett Lee - Singapore Immunol Network Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Singapore, Singapore
Terho Lehtimaki - University of Tampere
Markus Loeffler - Informa
Urko M. Marigorta - Supreme Council Of Health
Andres Metspalu - University of Tartu
Lili Milani - University of Tartu
Grant W. Montgomery - University of Queensland
Martina Mueller-Nurasyid - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Matthias Nauck - College Station Medical Center
Brenda Penninx - University of Amsterdam
Markus Perola - University of Helsinki
Natalia Pervjakova - University of Tartu
Brandon Pierce - University of Chicago
Joseph Powell - College Station Medical Center
Holger Prokisch - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Bruce M. Psaty - University of Washington
Olli Raitakari - College Station Medical Center
Susan Ring - University of Bristol
Samuli Ripatti - University of Helsinki
Olaf Rotzchke - Singapore Immunol Network Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Singapore, Singapore
Sina Rueger - Lausanne Univ Hosp, Lausanne, Switzerland
Ashis Saha - Johns Hopkins University
Markus Scholz - Informa
Katharina Schramm - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Ilkka Seppala - University of Tampere
Michael Stumvoll - College Station Medical Center
Patrick Sullivan - Karolinska Institutet
Peter-Bramt Hoen - Radboud University Nijmegen
Alexander Teumer - College Station Medical Center
Joachim Thiery - College Station Medical Center
Lin Tong - University of Chicago
Anke Tonjes - College Station Medical Center
Jenny van Dongen - University of Amsterdam
Joyce van Meurs - Erasmus MC
Joost Verlouw - Erasmus MC
Peter M. Visscher - University of Queensland
Uwe Voelker - College Station Medical Center
Urmo Vosa - University of Groningen
Harm-Jan Westra - University of Groningen
Hanieh Yaghootkar - University of Exeter
Jian Yang - University of Queensland
Biao Zeng - Supreme Council Of Health
James J. Lee - University of Minnesota
Tune H. Pers - University of Copenhagen
Patrick Turley - Broad Institute
Guo-Bo Chen - University of Queensland
Valur Emilsson - Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland
Sven Oskarsson - Uppsala University
Joseph K. Pickrell - New York Genome Ctr, New York, NY USA
Kevin Thom - NYU, Dept Econ, New York, NY 10003 USA
Pascal Timshel - University of Copenhagen
Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia - University of Copenhagen
Jonas Bacelis - Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden
Clemens Baumbach - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Gyda Bjornsdottir - deCODE Genetics
Johannes H. Brandsma - Erasmus MC
Maria Pina Concas - University of Seoul
Jaime Derringer - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Nicholas A. Furlotte
Tessel E. Galesloot - Radboud University Nijmegen
Giorgia Girotto - University of Trieste
Richa Gupta - University of Helsinki
Leanne M. Hall - University of Leicester
Sarah E. Harris - University of Edinburgh
Edith Hofer - Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Graz, Austria
Momoko Horikoshi - University of Oxford
Jennifer E. Huffman - University of Edinburgh
Kadri Kaasik - University of Helsinki
Ioanna P. Kalafati - Harokopio University of Athens
Augustine Kong - deCODE Genetics
Jari Lahti - University of Helsinki
Sven J. van der Lee - Erasmus MC
Christiaan de Leeuw - University of Amsterdam
Penelope A. Lind - College Station Medical Center
Karl-Oskar Lindgren - Uppsala University
Tian Liu - Max
Massimo Mangino - Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London, England
Jonathan Marten - University of Edinburgh
Evelin Mihailov - University of Tartu
Michael B. Miller - University of Minnesota
Peter J. van der Most - University of Groningen
Christopher Oldmeadow - College Station Medical Center
Antony Payton - University of Manchester
Natalia Pervjakova
Wouter J. Peyrot - University of Amsterdam
Yong Qian - NIA, Lab Genet, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Olli Raitakari
Rico Rueedi - University of Lausanne
Erika Salvi - University of Milan
Boerge Schmidt - College Station Medical Center
Katharina E. Schraut - University of Edinburgh
Jianxin Shi - NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Albert V. Smith - Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland
Raymond A. Poot - Erasmus MC
Beate St Pourcain - University of Bristol
Alexander Teumer
Gudmar Thorleifsson - deCODE Genetics
Niek Verweij - University of Groningen
Dragana Vuckovic - University of Trieste
Juergen Wellmann - University of Münster
Harm-Jan Westra
Jingyun Yang - Rush University
Wei Zhao - Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Zhihong Zhu - University of Queensland
Behrooz Z. Alizadeh - University of Groningen
Najaf Amin - Erasmus MC
Andrew Bakshi - University of Queensland
Sebastian E. Baumeister - College Station Medical Center
Ginevra Biino - Natl Res Council Italy, Inst Mol Genet, Pavia, Italy
Klaus Bonnelykke - Copenhagen Prospect Studies Asthma Childhood COPS, Herlev, Denmark
Patricia A. Boyle - Rush University
Harry Campbell - University of Edinburgh
Francesco P. Cappuccio - University of Warwick
Gail Davies - University of Edinburgh
Jan-Emmanuel De Neve - University of Oxford
Panos Deloukas - Queen Mary University of London
Ilja Demuth - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Jun Ding - NIA, Lab Genet, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Peter Eibich
Lewin Eisele - College Station Medical Center
Niina Eklund - University of Helsinki
David M. Evans - University of Bristol
Jessica D. Faul - Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Survey Res Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA
Mary F. Feitosa - Supreme Council Of Health
Andreas J. Forstner - University of Bonn
Ilaria Gandin - University of Trieste
Bjarni Gunnarsson - University of Seoul
Bjarni V. Halldorsson - deCODE Genetics
Tamara B. Harris - NIA, Lab Epidemiol & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Andrew C. Heath - Supreme Council Of Health
Lynne J. Hocking - University of Aberdeen
Elizabeth G. Holliday - College Station Medical Center
Georg Homuth - College Station Medical Center
Michael A. Horan - University of Manchester
Jouke-Jan Hottenga - University of Amsterdam
Philip L. de Jager - Broad Institute
Astanand Jugessur - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Oslo, Norway
Marika A. Kaakinen - Imperial Coll London, Dept Genom Common Dis, London, England
Mika Kahonen
Stavroula Kanoni - Queen Mary University of London
Liisa Keltigangas-Jarvinen - University of Helsinki
Lambertus A. L. M. Kiemeney - Radboud University Nijmegen
Ivana Kolcic - University of Split
Seppo Koskinen - University of Helsinki
Aldi T. Kraja - Supreme Council Of Health
Martin Kroh - German Institute for Economic Research
Zoltan Kutalik
Antti Latvala - University of Helsinki
Lenore J. Launer - NIA, Neuroepidemiol Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Mael P. Lebreton - University of Amsterdam
Douglas F. Levinson - Stanford University
Paul Lichtenstein - Karolinska Institutet
Peter Lichtner - Helmholtz Zentrum München
David C. M. Liewald - University of Edinburgh
Anu Loukola - University of Helsinki
Pamela A. Madden - Supreme Council Of Health
Reedik Magi - University of Tartu
Tomi Maki-Opas - University of Helsinki
Riccardo E. Marioni - University of Queensland
Pedro Marques-Vidal - College Station Medical Center
George McMahon - University of Bristol
Christa Meisinger - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Thomas Meitinger - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Yusplitri Milaneschi - University of Amsterdam
Lili Milani
Grant W. Montgomery
Ronny Myhre - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, Oslo, Norway
Christopher P. Nelson - University of Leicester
Dale R. Nyholt - College Station Medical Center
William E. R. Ollier - University of Manchester
Aarno Palotie - Broad Institute
Lavinia Paternoster - University of Bristol
Nancy L. Pedersen - Karolinska Institutet
Katja E. Petrovic - Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Graz, Austria
David J. Porteous - University of Edinburgh
Katri Raikkonen - University of Helsinki
Susan M. Ring - University of Bristol
Antonietta Robino - College Station Medical Center
Olga Rostapshova - Harvard University
Igor Rudan - University of Edinburgh
Aldo Rustichini - University of Minnesota
Veikko Salomaa - University of Helsinki
Alan R. Sanders - University of Chicago
Antti-Pekka Sarin - University of Helsinki
Helena Schmidt - Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Graz, Austria
Rodney J. Scott - College Station Medical Center
Blair H. Smith - University of Dundee
Jennifer A. Smith - Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Jan A. Staessen - KU Leuven
Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Konstantin Strauch - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Antonio Terracciano - Florida State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Geriatr, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA
Martin D. Tobin - University of Leicester
Sheila Ulivi - College Station Medical Center
Simona Vaccargiu - University of Seoul
Lydia Quaye - Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London, England
Cristina Venturini - Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London, England
Anna A. E. Vinkhuyzen - University of Queensland
Uwe Voelker
Henry Voelzke - College Station Medical Center
Judith M. Vonk - University of Groningen
Diego Vozzi - Social Impact, Arlington, VA USA
Johannes Waage - Copenhagen Prospect Studies Asthma Childhood COPS, Herlev, Denmark
Erin B. Ware - Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Gonneke Willemsen - University of Amsterdam
John R. Attia - College Station Medical Center
David A. Bennett - Rush University
Klaus Berger - University of Groningen
Lars Bertram - University of Lübeck
Hans Bisgaard - Copenhagen Prospect Studies Asthma Childhood COPS, Herlev, Denmark
Dorret I. Boomsma
Ingrid B. Borecki - Supreme Council Of Health
Ute Bultmann - University of Groningen
Christopher F. Chabris - Union Coll, Dept Psychol, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA
Francesco Cucca - Cittadella Univ Monserrato, CNR, IRGB, Cagliari, Italy
Daniele Cusi - University of Milan
J. Deary - University of Edinburgh
George V. Dedoussis - Harokopio University of Athens
Cornelia M. van Duijn - Erasmus MC
Johan G. Eriksson - Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland
Barbara Franke - Donders Ctr Neurosci, Dept Human Genet, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Lude Franke
Paolo Gasparini - University of Trieste
Pablo V. Gejman - University of Chicago
Christian Gieger - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Hans-Joergen Grabe - College Station Medical Center
Jacob Gratten - University of Queensland
Vilmundur Gudnason - Iceland Heart Assoc, Kopavogur, Iceland
Pim van der Harst - University of Groningen
Caroline Hayward - University of Edinburgh
David A. Hinds - 23andMe
Wolfgang Hoffmann - College Station Medical Center
Elina Hypponen - University of South Australia
William G. Iacono - University of Minnesota
Bo Jacobsson - Sahlgrens Acad, Inst Clin Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gothenburg, Sweden
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin - Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, MRC PHE Ctr Environm & Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, England
Karl-Heinz Jockel - College Station Medical Center
Jaakko Kaprio - University of Helsinki
Sharon L. R. Kardia - Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
Terho Lehtimaki
Steven F. Lehrer - New York University Shanghai
Patrik K. E. Magnusson - Karolinska Institutet
Nicholas G. Martin - College Station Medical Center
Matt McGue - University of Minnesota
Andres Metspalu
Neil Pendleton - CognIT
Brenda Penninx
Markus Perola
Nicola Pirastu - University of Trieste
Mario Pirastu - University of Seoul
Ozren Polasek - University of Edinburgh
Danielle Posthuma - University of Amsterdam
Christine Power - UCL Inst Child Hlth, Populat Policy & Practice, London, England
Michael A. Province - Supreme Council Of Health
Nilesh J. Samani - University of Leicester
David Schlessinger - NIA, Lab Genet, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Reinhold Schmidt - Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Graz, Austria
Thorkild I. A. Sorensen - University of Copenhagen
Tim D. Spector - Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London, England
Kari Stefansson - deCODE Genetics
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir - deCODE Genetics
A. Roy Thurik - Supreme Council Of Health
Nicholas J. Timpson - University of Bristol
Henning Tiemeier - Erasmus MC
Joyce Y. Tung
Andre G. Uitterlinden - Erasmus MC
Veronique Vitart - University of Edinburgh
Peter Vollenweider - College Station Medical Center
David R. Weir - Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Survey Res Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA
James F. Wilson - University of Edinburgh
Alan F. Wright - University of Edinburgh
Dalton C. Conley - NYU, Dept Sociol, New York, NY 10003 USA
Robert F. Krueger - University of Minnesota
George Davey Smith - University of Bristol
David I. Laibson - Harvard University
Sarah E. Medland - College Station Medical Center
Jian Yang
Magnus Johannesson - Supreme Council Of Health
Peter M. Visscher
Tonu Esko
Philipp D. Koellinger - University of Amsterdam
David Cesarini - NYU, Dept Econ, New York, NY 10003 USA
Daniel J. Benjamin - Univ Southern Calif, Ctr Econ & Social Res, Behav & Hlth Genom Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA
Adam Auton - 23andMe
Jason D. Boardman - Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Genet, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
David W. Clark - University of Edinburgh
Andrew Conlin - University of Oulu
Conor C. Dolan - University of Amsterdam
Urs Fischbacher - University of Konstanz
Patrick J. F. Groenen
Kathleen Mullan Harris - Univ N Carolina, Dept Sociol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
Gregor Hasler - University of Fribourg
Albert Hofman
Mohammad A. Ikram - Erasmus MC
Sonia Jain - College Station Medical Center
Robert Karlsson
Ronald C. Kessler - Supreme Council Of Health
Maarten Kooyman - SURFsara
James MacKillop - McMaster University
Minna Mannikko - University of Oulu
Carlos Morcillo-Suarez - Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain
Matthew B. McQueen - Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Physiol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
Klaus M. Schmidt - Univ Munich, Dept Econ, Munich, Germany
Melissa C. Smart - University of Essex
Matthias Sutter - University of Cologne
A. Roy Thurik
Andre G. Uitterlinden
Jon White - UCL, Dept Genet Evolut & Environm, UCL Genet Inst, London, England
Harriet de Wit - University of Chicago
Jian Yang
Lars Bertram
Dorret I. Boomsma
Tonu Esko
Ernst Fehr - University of Zurich
David A. Hinds
Magnus Johannesson
Meena Kumari - University of Essex
David Laibson - Harvard University
Patrik K. E. Magnusson
Michelle N. Meyer
Arcadi Navarro - Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Ciencies Expt & Salut, Barcelona, Spain
Abraham A. Palmer - Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Tune H. Pers
Danielle Posthuma
Daniel Schunk - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Econ, Mainz, Germany
Murray B. Stein - Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
Rauli Svento - University of Oulu
Henning Tiemeier
Paul R. H. J. Timmers - University of Edinburgh
Patrick Turley
Robert J. Ursano - Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Study Traumat Stress, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
Gert G. Wagner - German Institute for Economic Research
James F. Wilson
Jacob Gratten
James J. Lee
David Cesarini
Daniel J. Benjamin - Univ Southern Calif, Ctr Econ & Social Res, Behav & Hlth Genom Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA
Philipp D. Koellinger - University of Amsterdam
Jonathan P. Beauchamp - University of Toronto
eQTLgen Consortium
Publication Details: Nature genetics, Vol.51(2), pp.245-257
Publisher: Springer Nature
Number of pages: 16
Grant note: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) Open Philanthropy Project Pershing Square Fund of the Foundations of Human Behavior; Pershing Square Foundation government of Canada through Genome Canada; Genome Canada Social Science Genetic Association Consortium R01AG042568 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) E9/11; E42/15 / Ragnar Soderberg Foundation 647648 EdGe / ERC Consolidator Grant; European Research Council (ERC) OGI-152 / Ontario Genomics Institute 421-2013-1061 / Swedish Research Council; Swedish Research Council for Health Working Life & Welfare (Forte); Swedish Research Council Formas BB/F019394/1; BB/F022441/1 / BBSRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) G0901461; G0100594; 1805084; G1001799; MR/N01104X/2; 1811434; MR/N01104X/1; G0600237 / MRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC) ES/M008592/1; ES/S008349/1 / ESRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) P01-AG005842; P01-AG005842-20S2; P30-AG012810; T32-AG000186-23; R01-AG042568-02 / National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation
Identifiers: 9938322608331
Academic Unit: King Abdulaziz University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article