Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015 A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Christina Fitzmaurice; Christine Allen; Ryan M. Barber; Lars Barregard; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Hermann Brenner; Daniel J. Dicker; Odgerel Chimed-Orchir; Rakhi Dandona; Lalit Dandona; Tom Fleming; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Jamie Hancock; Roderick J. Hay; Rachel Hunter-Merrill; Chantal Huynh; H. Dean Hosgood; Catherine O. Johnson; Jost B. Jonas; Jagdish Khubchandani; G. Anil Kumar; Michael Kutz; Qing Lan; Heidi J. Larson; Xiaofeng Liang; Stephen S. Lim; Alan D. Lopez; Michael F. MacIntyre; Laurie Marczak; Neal Marquez; Ali H. Mokdad; Christine Pinho; Farshad Pourmalek; Joshua A. Salomon; Juan Ramon Sanabria; Logan Sandar; Benn Sartorius; Stephen M. Schwartz; Katya A. Shackelford; Kenji Shibuya; Jeff Stanaway; Caitlyn Steiner; Jiandong Sun; Ken Takahashi; Stein Emil Vollset; Theo Vos; Joseph A. Wagner; Haidong Wang; Ronny Westerman; Hajo Zeeb; Leo Zoeckler; Foad Abd-Allah; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Samer Alabed; Noore K. Alam; Saleh Fahed Aldhahri; Girma Alem; Mulubirhan Assefa Alemayohu; Raghib Ali; Rajaa Al-Raddadi; Azmeraw Amare; Yaw Amoako; Al Artaman; Hamid Asayesh; Niguse Atnafu; Ashish Awasthi; Huda Ba Saleem; Aleksandra Barac; Neeraj Bedi; Isabela Bensenor; Adugnaw Berhane; Eduardo Bemabe; Balem Betsu; Agnes Binagwaho; Dube Boneya; Ismael Campos-Nonato; Carlos Castaneda-Orjuela; Ferran Catala-Lopez; Peggy Chiang; Chioma Chibueze; Abdulaal Chitheer; Jee-Young Choi; Benjamin Cowie; Solomon Damtew; Jose das Neves; Suhojit Dey; Samath Dharmaratne; Preet Dhillon; Eric Ding; Tim Driscoll; Donatus Ekwueme; Aman Yesuf Endries; Maryam Farvid; Farshad Farzadfar; Joao Fernandes; Florian Fischer; Tsegaye Tewelde Ghiwot; Alemseged Gebru; Sameer Gopalani; Alemayehu Hailu; Masako Horino; Nobuyuki Horita; Abdullatif Husseini; Inge Huybrechts; Manami Inoue; Farhad Islami; Mihajlo Jakovljevic; Spencer James; Mehdi Javanbakht; Sun Ha Jee; Amir Kasaeian; Muktar Sano Kedir; Yousef S. Khader; Young-Ho Khang; Daniel Kim; James Leigh; Shai Linn; Raimundas Lunevicius; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Reza Malekzadeh; Deborah Carvalho Malta; Wagner Marcenes; Desalegn Markos; Yohannes A. Melaku; Kidanu G. Meles; Walter Mendoza; Desalegn Tadese Mengiste; Tuomo J. Meretoja; Ted R. Miller; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Alireza Mohammadi; Shafiu Mohammed; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Gabriele Nagel; Devina Nand; Quyen Le Nguyen; Sandra Nolte; Felix A. Ogbo; Kelechi E. Oladimeji; Eyal Oren; Mahesh Pa; Eun-Kee Park; David M. Pereira; Dietrich Plass; Mostafa Qorbani; Amir Radfar; Anwar Rafay; Mahfuzar Rahman; Saleem M. Rana; Kjetil Soreide; Maheswar Satpathy; Monika Sawhney; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Masood Ali Shaikh; Jun She; Ivy Shiue; Hirbo Roba Shore; Mark G. Shrime; Samuel So; Samir Soneji; Vasiliki Stathopoulou; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Bryan L. Sykes; Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos; Fentaw Tadese; Bemnet Amare Tedla; Gizachew Assefa Tessema; J. S. Thakur; Bach Xuan Tran; Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja; Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Elisabete Weiderpass; Mamo Wubshet Terefe; Henock Gebremedhin Yebyo; Hassen Hamid Yimam; Naohiro Yonemoto; Mustafa Z. Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Zoubida Zaidi; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe; Christopher J. L. Murray; Mohsen Naghavi; Global Bourden Disease Cancer Coll

doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.5688

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Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015 A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

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Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015 A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Christina Fitzmaurice, Christine Allen, Ryan M. Barber, Lars Barregard, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Hermann Brenner, Daniel J. Dicker, Odgerel Chimed-Orchir, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, …

JAMA oncology, Vol.3(4), pp.524-548

01/04/2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.5688

PMCID: PMC6103527

PMID: 27918777

Abstract

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Oncology

Science & Technology

IMPORTANCE Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning. OBJECTIVE To estimate mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. EVIDENCE REVIEW Cancer mortality was estimated using vital registration system data, cancer registry incidence data (transformed to mortality estimates using separately estimated mortality to incidence [MI] ratios), and verbal autopsy data. Cancer incidence was calculated by dividing mortality estimates through the modeled MI ratios. To calculate cancer prevalence, MI ratios were used to model survival. To calculate YLDs, prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights. The YLLs were estimated by multiplying age-specific cancer deaths by the reference life expectancy. DALYs were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Countries were categorized by SDI quintiles to summarize results. FINDINGS In 2015, there were 17.5 million cancer cases worldwide and 8.7 million deaths. Between 2005 and 2015, cancer cases increased by 33%, with population aging contributing 16%, population growth 13%, and changes in age-specific rates contributing 4%. For men, the most common cancer globallywas prostate cancer (1.6 million cases). Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancerwas the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs in men (1.2 million deaths and 25.9 million DALYs). For women, the most common cancerwas breast cancer (2.4 million cases). Breast cancerwas also the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs forwomen (523000 deaths and 15.1 million DALYs). Overall, cancer caused 208.3 million DALYs worldwide in 2015 for both sexes combined. Between 2005 and 2015, age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers combined increased in 174 of 195 countries or territories. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) for all cancers combined decreased within that timeframe in 140 of 195 countries or territories. Countries with an increase in the ASDR due to all cancers were largely located on the African continent. Of all cancers, deaths between 2005 and 2015 decreased significantly for Hodgkin lymphoma (-6.1%[95% uncertainty interval (UI), -10.6% to -1.3%]). The number of deaths also decreased for esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia, although these results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE As part of the epidemiological transition, cancer incidence is expected to increase in the future, further straining limited health care resources. Appropriate allocation of resources for cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and curative and palliative care requires detailed knowledge of the local burden of cancer. The GBD 2015 study results demonstrate that progress is possible in the war against cancer. However, the major findings also highlight an unmet need for cancer prevention efforts, including tobacco control, vaccination, and the promotion of physical activity and a healthy diet.

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Title: Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015 A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
Creators - without role: Christina Fitzmaurice - University of Washington
Christine Allen - University of Washington
Ryan M. Barber - University of Washington
Lars Barregard - University of Gothenburg
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta - Aga Khan University
Hermann Brenner - Heidelberg
Daniel J. Dicker - University of Washington
Odgerel Chimed-Orchir - Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Fukuoka, Japan
Rakhi Dandona - Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Lalit Dandona - University of Washington
Tom Fleming - University of Washington
Mohammad H. Forouzanfar - University of Washington
Jamie Hancock - University of Washington
Roderick J. Hay - Int Fdn Dermatol, London, England
Rachel Hunter-Merrill - University of Washington
Chantal Huynh - University of Washington
H. Dean Hosgood - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Catherine O. Johnson - University of Washington
Jost B. Jonas - Heidelberg University
Jagdish Khubchandani - Ball State University
G. Anil Kumar - Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India
Michael Kutz - University of Washington
Qing Lan - Natl Canc Inst, Rockville, MD USA
Heidi J. Larson - Supreme Council Of Health
Xiaofeng Liang - Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China
Stephen S. Lim - University of Washington
Alan D. Lopez - University of Melbourne
Michael F. MacIntyre - University of Washington
Laurie Marczak - University of Washington
Neal Marquez - University of Washington
Ali H. Mokdad - University of Washington
Christine Pinho - University of Washington
Farshad Pourmalek - University of British Columbia
Joshua A. Salomon - Harvard University
Juan Ramon Sanabria - Marshall University
Logan Sandar - University of Washington
Benn Sartorius - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Stephen M. Schwartz - Hutchinson
Katya A. Shackelford - University of Washington
Kenji Shibuya - The University of Tokyo
Jeff Stanaway - University of Washington
Caitlyn Steiner - University of Washington
Jiandong Sun - Queensland University of Technology
Ken Takahashi - Univ Occupat & Environm Hlth, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
Stein Emil Vollset - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Bergen, Norway
Theo Vos - University of Washington
Joseph A. Wagner - University of Washington
Haidong Wang - University of Washington
Ronny Westerman - Federal Reserve
Hajo Zeeb - Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol, Bremen, Germany
Leo Zoeckler - University of Washington
Foad Abd-Allah - Cairo University
Muktar Beshir Ahmed - Jimma University
Samer Alabed - University of Sheffield
Noore K. Alam - Queensland Hlth Herston, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Saleh Fahed Aldhahri - King Saud University
Girma Alem - Debre Markos University
Mulubirhan Assefa Alemayohu - Mekelle University
Raghib Ali - University of Oxford
Rajaa Al-Raddadi - College Station Medical Center
Azmeraw Amare - University of Adelaide
Yaw Amoako - College Station Medical Center
Al Artaman - University of Manitoba
Hamid Asayesh - Supreme Council Of Health
Niguse Atnafu - Mizan Tepi University
Ashish Awasthi - Nayati Multi Super Special Hosp, Dept Biostatist, Mathura, India
Huda Ba Saleem - College Station Medical Center
Aleksandra Barac - University of Belgrade
Neeraj Bedi - College Station Medical Center
Isabela Bensenor - College Station Medical Center
Adugnaw Berhane - Debre Berhan University
Eduardo Bemabe
Balem Betsu - Mekelle University
Agnes Binagwaho - Univ Global Hlth Equit, Kigali, Rwanda
Dube Boneya - Debre Markos University
Ismael Campos-Nonato - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Morelos, Mexico
Carlos Castaneda-Orjuela - Inst Nacl Salud Bogota, Bogota, Colombia
Ferran Catala-Lopez - Universitat de València
Peggy Chiang - Clin Governance Unit, Gold Coast Hlth, Southport, Qld, Australia
Chioma Chibueze - Natl Ctr Child Hlth & Dev, Tokyo, Japan
Abdulaal Chitheer - Minist Hlth, Baghdad, Iraq
Jee-Young Choi - Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Seoul, South Korea
Benjamin Cowie - Doherty Inst, WHO Collaborating Ctr Viral Hepatitis, Melbourne, Australia
Solomon Damtew - Wolaita Sodo University
Jose das Neves - Universidade do Porto
Suhojit Dey - Indian Inst Publ Hlth Delhi, Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurgaon, India
Samath Dharmaratne - University of Peradeniya
Preet Dhillon - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Ctr Chron Condit & Injuries, Gurgaon, India
Eric Ding - Harvard University
Tim Driscoll - University of Sydney
Donatus Ekwueme - Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA
Aman Yesuf Endries - Arba Minch University
Maryam Farvid - Supreme Council Of Health
Farshad Farzadfar - University of Tehran
Joao Fernandes - Cathol Univ Portugal, Fac Biotechnol, Ctr Biotechnol, Porto, Portugal
Florian Fischer - Univ Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
Tsegaye Tewelde Ghiwot - Jimma University
Alemseged Gebru - Mekelle University
Sameer Gopalani - Govt Federated States Micronesia, Palikir, Pohnpei, Micronesia
Alemayehu Hailu - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Masako Horino - Nevada Div Publ & Behav Hlth, City, Carson, CA USA
Nobuyuki Horita - Yokohama City University
Abdullatif Husseini - Birzeit University
Inge Huybrechts - Int Agcy Res Canc, Lyon, France
Manami Inoue - The University of Tokyo
Farhad Islami - Amer Canc Soc, Surveillance & Hlth Serv Res, Atlanta, GA USA
Mihajlo Jakovljevic - University of Kragujevac
Spencer James - College Station Medical Center
Mehdi Javanbakht - Newcastle University
Sun Ha Jee - Yonsei University
Amir Kasaeian - University of Tehran
Muktar Sano Kedir - Mizan Tepi University
Yousef S. Khader - College Station Medical Center
Young-Ho Khang - Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Seoul, South Korea
Daniel Kim - NE Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA
James Leigh - University of Sydney
Shai Linn - University of Haifa
Raimundas Lunevicius - Aintree Univ, Hosp Natl Hlth Serv Fdn Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, England
Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek - College Station Medical Center
Reza Malekzadeh - Shiraz University
Deborah Carvalho Malta - Federal Reserve
Wagner Marcenes - Kings Coll London, Dent Inst, Div Populat & Patient Hlth, London, England
Desalegn Markos - Arsi Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Assela, Ethiopia
Yohannes A. Melaku - Mekelle University
Kidanu G. Meles - Mekelle University
Walter Mendoza - UNFPA Peru Country, Lima, Peru
Desalegn Tadese Mengiste - Mekelle University
Tuomo J. Meretoja - Helsinki Univ Hosp, Breast Surg Unit, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Helsinki, Finland
Ted R. Miller - Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA
Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad - Tishk International University
Alireza Mohammadi - College Station Medical Center
Shafiu Mohammed - Ahmadu Bello University
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh - College Station Medical Center
Gabriele Nagel - University of Ulm
Devina Nand - Suva
Quyen Le Nguyen - Duy Tan University
Sandra Nolte - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Felix A. Ogbo - Western Sydney University
Kelechi E. Oladimeji - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Eyal Oren - University of Arizona
Mahesh Pa - JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research
Eun-Kee Park - Kosin University
David M. Pereira - Universidade do Porto
Dietrich Plass - German Environm Agcy, Dept Environm Hyg, Berlin, Germany
Mostafa Qorbani - College Station Medical Center
Amir Radfar - A.T. Still University
Anwar Rafay - Contech
Mahfuzar Rahman - BRAC
Saleem M. Rana - Contech Sch Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan
Kjetil Soreide - Stavanger Univ Hosp, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Stavanger, Norway
Maheswar Satpathy - Apex
Monika Sawhney - Marshall University
Sadaf G. Sepanlou - University of Tehran
Masood Ali Shaikh - Independent consultant, Karachi, Pakistan
Jun She - Fudan University
Ivy Shiue - Newcastle University
Hirbo Roba Shore - Haramaya University
Mark G. Shrime - Supreme Council Of Health
Samuel So - Stanford University
Samir Soneji - Supreme Council Of Health
Vasiliki Stathopoulou - Attikon Univ Hosp, Athens, Greece
Konstantinos Stroumpoulis - Alexandra Gen Hosp Athens, Athens, Greece
Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan - Ahmadu Bello University
Bryan L. Sykes - Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Criminol, Law Soc, Irvine, CA USA
Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos - Universitat de València
Fentaw Tadese - Wollo University
Bemnet Amare Tedla - University of Gondar
Gizachew Assefa Tessema - University of Gondar
J. S. Thakur - College Station Medical Center
Bach Xuan Tran - Johns Hopkins University
Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja - Fed Teaching Hosp, Dept Med, Abakaliki, Nigeria
Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu - University of Nigeria
Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov - Supreme Council Of Health
Elisabete Weiderpass - Canc Registry Norway, Inst PopulationBased Canc Res, Dept Res, Grp Etiol Canc Res, Oslo, Norway
Mamo Wubshet Terefe - College Station Medical Center
Henock Gebremedhin Yebyo - Mekelle University
Hassen Hamid Yimam - Mizan Tepi University
Naohiro Yonemoto - Kyoto University
Mustafa Z. Younis - Jackson State University
Chuanhua Yu - Wuhan University
Zoubida Zaidi - Univ Hosp Setif, Dept Epidemiol, Setif, Algeria
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki - College Station Medical Center
Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe - Mekelle University
Christopher J. L. Murray - University of Washington
Mohsen Naghavi - University of Washington
Global Bourden Disease Cancer Coll
Publication Details: JAMA oncology, Vol.3(4), pp.524-548
Publisher: Amer Medical Assoc
Number of pages: 25
Grant note: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation ACF-2014-04-008 / National Institute for Health Research; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) 5T32HL007093-40 / National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA
Identifiers: 9937262908331
Academic Unit: King Abdulaziz University; King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article