Abstract
Background: One of the significant morbidity and mortality causes is the colorectal cancer. Rosmarinus officinalis plant is utilized as food and medicine. Currently, nanoparticles are widely employed in medicinal preparations. This work aimed to explore the potentials of R. officinalis leaves acetone extract, alone or in combination gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), to kill colon cancer cells.
Methods: Fresh leaves of R. officinalis were collected from the Al Soudah, Saudi Arabia and then dried to prepare acetone extract. AuNPs were prepared utilizing the extract and portrayed using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Active ingredients exist in the extract and extract + AuNPs were screened using FT-IR spectroscopy. Biological properties of the extract and extract + AuNPs including anti-cancer activity and apoptotic capacity were studied.
Results: Results of UV/Vis spectrophotometry and SEM demonstrated that AuNPs are of 79 nm in diameter. FTIR analysis revealed the existence of bioactive molecules in the extract. Extract and extract + AuNPs arrested HT-29 colon cancer cells at G2/M phase.
Conclusion: R. officinalis acetone extract and extract + AuNPs could arrest the proliferation of HT-29 colon cancer cells. Extract and extract + AuNPs actuated apoptosis in cancer cells as opposed to necrosis. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.