Abstract
Introduction: Hepatitis B viral infection is the most common cause of chronic liver disease across the world and is often transmitted through sexual contact, parenteral, or vertical routes. Hepatitis b virus belongs to Hepadnaviridae family where the viral capsid bears viral genome and DNA polymerase that has reverse transcriptase activity. Affected individual present with a range of mild symptoms to symptoms of liver failure, as well as many can be asymptomatic. The disease is classified as acute and chronic based on duration and viral markers.
Aim of the work: In this study, our aim was to review the current understanding of Hepatitis B infection, management, and prevention.
Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1994 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: Hepatitis B, acute hepatitis B infection, chronic hepatitis B infection, diagnosis of hepatitis b infection, prevention of hepatitis b infection, and management of hepatitis B infection
Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus infection is the most common cause of chronic liver disease across the world which presents with a spectrum of symptoms and complications. An understanding of the symptomology and serologic markers of HBV infection is necessary for a proper diagnosis and management. HBV infection can be prevented with vaccination and awareness of risk behaviors. At risk groups should be vaccinated in order to avoid an infection.