Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Ryan M. Barber; Nancy Fullman; Reed J. D. Sorensen; Thomas Bollyky; Martin McKee; Ellen Nolte; Amanuel Alemu Abajobir; Kalkidan Hassen Abate; Cristiana Abbafati; Kaja M. Abbas; Foad Abd-Allah; Abdishakur M. Abdulle; Ahmed Abdulahi Abdurahman; Semaw Ferede Abera; Biju Abraham; Girmatsion Fisseha Abreha; Kelemework Adane; Ademola Lukman Adelekan; Ifedayo Morayo O. Adetifa; Ashkan Afshin; Arnav Agarwal; Sanjay Kumar Agarwal; Sunilkumar Agarwal; Anurag Agrawal; Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri; Alireza Ahmadi; Kedir Yimam Ahmed; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi; Tomi F. Akinyemiju; Nadia Akseer; Ziyad Al-Aly; Khurshid Alam; Noore Alam; Sayed Saidul Alam; Zewdie Aderaw Alemu; Kefyalew Addis Alene; Lily Alexander; Raghib Ali; Syed Danish Ali; Reza Alizadeh-Navaei; Ala'a Alkerwi; Francois Alla; Peter Allebeck; Christine Allen; Rajaa Al-Raddadi; Ubai Alsharif; Khalid A. Altirkawi; Elena Alvarez Martin; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Azmeraw T. Amare; Erfan Amini; Walid Ammar; Joshu Amo-Adjei; Yaw Ampem Amoako; Benjamin O. Anderson; Sofia Androudi; Hossein Ansari; Mustafa Geleto Ansha; Carl Abelardo T. Antonio; Johan Aernloev; Al Artaman; Hamid Asayesh; Reza Assadi; Ayalew Astatkie; Tesfay Mehari Atey; Suleman Atique; Niguse Tadele Atnafu; Sachin R. Atre; Leticia Avila-Burgos; Euripide Frinel G. Arthur Avokpaho; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Ashish Awasthi; Nebiyu Negussu Ayele; Peter Azzopardi; Huda Omer Ba Saleem; Till Baernighausen; Umar Bacha; Alaa Badawi; Amitava Banerjee; Aleksandra Barac; Miguel A. Barboza; Suzanne L. Barker-Collo; Lope H. Barrero; Sanjay Basu; Bernhard T. Baune; Kaleab Baye; Yibeltal Tebekaw Bayou; Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi; Neeraj Bedi; Ettore Beghi; Yannick Bejot; Aminu K. Bello; Derrick A. Bennett; Isabela M. Bensenor; Adugnaw Berhane; Eduardo Bernabe; Oscar Alberto Bernal; Addisu Shunu Beyene; Tariku Jibat Beyene; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Sibhatu Biadgilign; Boris Bikbov; Sait Mentes Birlik; Charles Birungi; Stan Biryukov; Donal Bisanzio; Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu; Dipan Bose; Michael Brainin; Michael Brauer; Alexandra Brazinova; Nicholas J. K. Breitborde; Hermann Brenner; Zahid A. Butt; Rosario Cardenas; Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado; Ismael Ricardo Campos-Nonato; Josip Car; Juan Jesus Carrero; Daniel Casey; Valeria Caso; Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela; Jacqueline Castillo Rivas; Ferran Catala-Lopez; Pedro Cecilio; Kelly Cercy; Fiona J. Charlson; Alan Z. Chen; Adrienne Chew; Mirriam Chibalabala; Chioma Ezinne Chibueze; Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa; Abdulaal A. Chitheer; Rajiv Chowdhury; Hanne Christensen; Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher; Liliana G. Ciobanu; Massimo Cirillo; Megan S. Coggeshall; Leslie Trumbull Cooper; Monica Cortinovis; John A. Crump; Koustuv Dalal; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Paul I. Dargan; Jose das Neves; Gail Davey; Dragos V. Davitoiu; Kairat Davletov; Diego De Leo; Liana C. Del Gobbo; Borja del Pozo-Cruz; Robert P. Dellavalle; Kebede Deribe; Amare Deribew; Don C. Des Jarlais; Subhojit Dey; Samath D. Dharmaratne; Daniel Dicker; Eric L. Ding; Klara Dokova; E. Ray Dorsey; Kerrie E. Doyle; Manisha Dubey; Rebecca Ehrenkranz; Christian Lycke Ellingsen; Iqbal Elyazar; Ahmadali Enayati; Sergey Petrovich Ermakov; Babak Eshrati; Alireza Esteghamati; Kara Estep; Thomas Fuerst; Imad D. A. Faghmous; Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Fanuel; Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon; Talha A. Farid; Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha; Andre Faro; Maryam S. Farvid; Farshad Farzadfar; Valery L. Feigin; Andrea B. Feigl; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Jefferson G. Fernandes; Joao C. Fernandes; Tesfaye Regassa Feyissa; Florian Fischer; Christina Fitzmaurice; Thomas D. Fleming; Nataliya Foigt; Kyle J. Foreman; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar; Richard C. Franklin; Joseph Frostad; Tsegaye Tewelde G. hiwot; Emmanuela Gakidou; Ketevan Gambashidze; Amiran Gamkrelidze; Wayne Gao; Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro; Teshome Gebre; Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin; Mengistu Welday Gebremichael; Alemseged Aregay Gebru; Amha Admasie Gelaye; Johanna M. Geleijnse; Ricard Genova-Maleras; Katherine B. Gibney; Ababi Zergaw Giref; Melkamu Dedefo Gishu; Giorgia Giussani; William W. Godwin; Audra Gold; Ellen M. Goldberg; Philimon N. Gona; Amador Goodridge; Sameer Vali Gopalani; Atsushi Goto; Nicholas Graetz; Felix Greaves; Max Griswold; Peter Imre Guban; Harish Chander Gugnani; Prakash C. Gupta; Rahul Gupta; Rajeev Gupta; Tanush Gupta; Vipin Gupta; Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold; Nima Hafezi-Nejad; Demewoz Haile; Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu; Gessessew Bugssa Hailu; Alex Hakuzimana; Randah Ribhi Hamadeh; Mitiku Teshome Hambisa; Samer Hamidi; Mouhanad Hammami; Graeme J. Hankey; Yuantao Hao; Hilda L. Harb; Habtamu Abera Hareri; Josep Maria Haro; Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand; Rasmus Havmoeller; Roderick J. Hay; Simon I. Hay; Delia Hendrie; Ileana Beatriz Heredia-Pi; Hans W. Hoek; Masako Horino; Nobuyuki Horita; H. Dean Hosgood; Aung Soe Htet; Guoqing Hu; Hsiang Huang; John J. Huang; Bethany M. Huntley; Chantal Huynh; Kim Moesgaard Iburg; Bogdan Vasile Ileanu; Kaire Innos; Asnake Ararsa Irenso; Nader Jahanmehr; Mihajlo B. Jakovljevic; Peter James; Spencer Lewis James; Mehdi Javanbakht; Sudha P. Jayaraman; Achala Upendra Jayatilleke; Panniyammakal Jeemon; Vivekanand Jha; Denny John; Catherine Johnson; Sarah C. Johnson; Jost B. Jonas; Knud Juel; Zubair Kabir; Yogeshwar Kalkonde; Ritul Kamal; Haidong Kan; Andre Karch; Corine Kakizi Karema; Seyed M. Karimi; Amir Kasaeian; Nicholas J. Kassebaum; Anshul Kastor; Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi; Konstantin Kazanjan; Peter Njenga Keiyoro; Laura Kemmer; Andrew Haddon Kemp; Andre Pascal Kengne; Amene Abebe Kerbo; Maia Kereselidze; Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran; Yousef Saleh Khader; Ibrahim Khalil; Abdur Rahman Khan; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Young-Ho Khang; Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah Khoja; Irma Khonelidze; Jagdish Khubchandani; Getiye Dejenu Kibret; Daniel Kim; Pauline Kim; Yun Jin Kim; Ruth W. Kimokoti; Yohannes Kinfu; Niranjan Kissoon; Miia Kivipelto; Yoshihiro Kokubo; Anneli Kolk; Dhaval Kolte; Jacek A. Kopec; Soewarta Kosen; Parvaiz A. Koul; Ai Koyanagi; Michael Kravchenko; Sanjay Krishnaswami; Kristopher J. Krohn; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Ernst J. Kuipers; Veena S. Kulkarni; G. Anil Kumar; Fekede Asefa Kumsa; Michael Kutz; Hmwe H. Kyu; Anton Carl Jonas Lager; Aparna Lal; Dharmesh Kumar Lal; Ratilal Lalloo; Tea Lallukka; Qing Lan; Sinead M. Langan; Van C. Lansingh; Heidi J. Larson; Anders Larsson; Dennis Odai Laryea; Asma Abdul Latif; Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz; Janet L. Leasher; James Leigh; Mall Leinsalu; Cheru Tesema Leshargie; Janni Leung; Ricky Leung; Miriam Levi; Xiaofeng Liang; Stephen S. Lim; Margaret Lind; Shai Linn; Steven E. Lipshultz; Patrick Liu; Yang Liu; Loon-Tzian Lo; Giancarlo Logroscino; Alan D. Lopez; Scott A. Lorch; Paulo A. Lotufo; Rafael Lozano; Raimundas Lunevicius; Ronan A. Lyons; Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan; Mark T. Mackay; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek; Mahdi Mahdavi; Azeem Majeed; Reza Malekzadeh; Deborah Carvalho Malta; Lorenzo G. Mantovani; Tsegahun Manyazewal; Chabila C. Mapoma; Wagner Marcenes; Guy B. Marks; Neal Marquez; Jose Martinez-Raga; Melvin Barrientos Marzan; Joao Massano; Manu Raj Mathur; Pallab K. Maulik; Mohsen Mazidi; Colm McAlinden; John J. McGrath; Claire McNellan; Peter A. Meaney; Alem Mehari; Man Mohan Mehndiratta; Toni Meier; Alemayehu B. Mekonnen; Kidanu Gebremariam Meles; Ziad A. Memish; Melkamu Merid Mengesha; Desalegn Tadese Mengiste; Mubarek Abera Mengistie; Bereket Gebremichael Menota; George A. Mensah; Seid Tiku Mereta; Atte Meretoja; Tuomo J. Meretoja; Haftay Berhane Mezgebe; Renata Micha; Anoushka Millear; Edward J. Mills; Shawn Minnig; Mojde Mirarefin; Erkin M. Mirrakhimov; Charles N. Mock; Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad; Shafiu Mohammed; Sanjay K. Mohanty; Ali H. Mokdad; Glen Liddell D. Mola; Mariam Molokhia; Lorenzo Monasta; Marcella Montico; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Paula Moraga; Lidia Morawska; Rintaro Mori; Mark Moses; Ulrich O. Mueller; Srinivas Murthy; Kamarul Imran Musa; Jean B. Nachega; Chie Nagata; Gabriele Nagel; Mohsen Naghavi; Aliya Naheed; Luigi Naldi; Vinay Nangia; Bruno Ramos Nascimento; Ionut Negoi; Sudan Prasad Neupane; Charles R. Newton; Marie Ng; Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni; Josephine Wanjiku Ngunjiri; Grant Nguyen; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum; Sandra Nolte; Marika Nomura; Ole F. Norheim; Bo Norrving; Jean Jacques N. Noubiap; Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer; Felix Akpojene Ogbo; In-Hwan Oh; Anselm Okoro; Olanrewaju Oladimeji; Andrew Toyin Olagunju; Pedro R. Olivares; Helen E. Olsen; Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya; Jacob Olusegun Olusanya; John Nelson Opio; Eyal Oren; Alberto Ortiz; Richard H. Osborne; Majdi Osman; Mayowa O. Owolabi; P. A. Mahesh; Amanda W. Pain; Smita Pakhale; Elizabeth Palomares Castillo; Adrian Pana; Christina Papachristou; Mahboubeh Parsaeian; Tejas Patel; George C. Patton; Deepak Paudel; Vinod K. Paul; Neil Pearce; David M. Pereira; Rogelio Perez-Padilla; Fernando Perez-Ruiz; Norberto Perico; Konrad Pesudovs; Max Petzold; Michael Robert Phillips; David M. Pigott; Julian David Pillay; Christine Pinho; Suzanne Polinder; Constance D. Pond; V. Prakash; Manorama Purwar; Mostafa Qorbani; D. Alex Quistberg; Amir Radfar; Anwar Rafay; Kazem Rahimi; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Mahfuzar Rahman; Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman; Rajesh Kumar Rai; Usha Ram; Saleem M. Rana; Zane Rankin; Paturi Vishnupriya Rao; Puja C. Rao; Salman Rawaf; Maria Albertina Santiago Rego; Marissa Reitsma; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Andre M. N. N. Renzaho; Serge Resnikoff; Satar Rezaei; Mohammad Sadegh Rezai; Antonio L. Ribeiro; Hirbo Shore Roba; Mohammad Bagher Rokni; Luca Ronfani; Gholamreza Roshandel; Gregory A. Roth; Dietrich Rothenbacher; Nawal K. Roy; Perminder S. Sachdev; Ben Benasco Sackey; Mohammad Yahya Saeedi; Saeid Safiri; Rajesh Sagar; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Muhammad Muhammad Saleh; Joshua A. Salomon; Abdallah M. Samy; Juan Ramon Sanabria; Maria Dolores Sanchez-Nino; Logan Sandar; Itamar S. Santos; Joao Vasco Santos; Milena M. Santric Milicevic; Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez; Benn Sartorius; Maheswar Satpathy; Miloje Savic; Monika Sawhney; Mete I. Saylan; Ben Schoettker; Aletta E. Schutte; David C. Schwebel; Soraya Seedat; Abdulbasit Musa Seid; Canaan Negash Seifu; Sadaf G. Sepanlou; Berrin Serdar; Edson E. Servan-Mori; Tesfaye Setegn; Katya Anne Shackelford; Amira Shaheen; Saeid Shahraz; Masood Ali Shaikh; Marina Shakh-Nazarova; Mansour Shamsipour; Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam; Jayendra Sharma; Rajesh Sharma; Jun She; Sara Sheikhbahaei; Jiabin Shen; Peilin Shi; Mika Shigematsu; Min-Jeong Shin; Rahman Shiri; Haitham Shoman; Mark G. Shrime; Ephrem Lejore Sibamo Sibamo; Inga Dora Sigfusdottir; Diego Augusto Santos Silva; Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira; Shireen Sindi; Abhishek Singh; Jasvinder A. Singh; Om Prakash Singh; Prashant Kumar Singh; Virendra Singh; Abiy Hiruye Sinke; Aklilu Endalamaw Sinshaw; Vegard Skirbekk; Karen Sliwa; Alison Smith; Eugene Sobngwi; Samir Soneji; Joan B. Soriano; Tatiane Cristina Moraes Sousa; Luciano A. Sposato; Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy; Vasiliki Stathopoulou; Nicholas Steel; Caitlyn Steiner; Sabine Steinke; Mark Andrew Stokes; Saverio Stranges; Mark Strong; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis; Lela Sturua; Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Rizwan Abdulkader Suliankatchi; Jiandong Sun; Patrick Sur; Soumya Swaminathan; Bryan L. Sykes; Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos; Karen M. Tabb; Getachew Redae Taffere; Roberto Tchio Talongwa; Musharaf Tarajia; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Nuno Taveira; Stephanie Teeple; Teketo Kassaw Tegegne; Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi; Tesfalidet Tekelab; Dejen Yemane Tekle; Girma Temam Shifa; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Azeb Gebresilassie Tesema; J. S. Thakur; Alan J. Thomson; Taavi Tillmann; Tenaw Yimer Tiruye; Ruoyan Tobe-Gai; Marcello Tonelli; Roman Topor-Madry; Miguel Tortajada; Christopher Troeger; Thomas Truelsen; Abera Kenay Tura; Uche S. Uchendu; Kingsley N. Ukwaja; Eduardo A. Undurraga; Chigozie Jesse Uneke; Olalekan A. Uthman; Job F. M. van Boven; Rita Van Dingenen; Santosh Varughese; Tommi Vasankari; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Francesco S. Violante; Sergey K. Vladimirov; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Stein Emil Vollset; Theo Vos; Joseph A. Wagner; Tolassa Wakayo; Stephen G. Waller; Judd L. Walson; Haidong Wang; Yuan-Pang Wang; David A. Watkins; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert G. Weintraub; Chi-Pang Wen; Andrea Werdecker; Joshua Wesana; Ronny Westerman; Harvey A. Whiteford; James D. Wilkinson; Charles Shey Wiysonge; Belete Getahun Woldeyes; Charles D. A. Wolfe; Sungho Won; Abdulhalik Workicho; Shimelash Bitew Workie; Mamo Wubshet; Denis Xavier; Gelin Xu; Ajit Kumar Yadav; Mohsen Yaghoubi; Bereket Yakob; Lijing L. Yan; Yuichiro Yano; Mehdi Yaseri; Hassen Hamid Yimam; Paul Yip; Naohiro Yonemoto; Seok-Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z. Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Zoubida Zaidi; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio; Tomas Zapata; Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe; Sanjay Zodpey; Leo Zoeckler; Liesl Joanna Zuhlke; Christopher J. L. Murray; GBD 2015 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30818-8

Back

Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Ryan M. Barber, Nancy Fullman, Reed J. D. Sorensen, Thomas Bollyky, Martin McKee, Ellen Nolte, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja M. Abbas, …

The Lancet (British edition), Vol.390(10091), pp.231-266

2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30818-8

PMCID: PMC5528124

PMID: 28528753

Abstract

Samhällsvetenskap

Social Sciences

Sociologi

Sociology

Background National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. Methods We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure-the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index-on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r= 0.88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r= 0.83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r= 0.77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertility rates. This frontier allowed us to better quantify the maximum levels of personal health-care access and quality achieved across the development spectrum, and pinpoint geographies where gaps between observed and potential levels have narrowed or widened over time. Findings Between 1990 and 2015, nearly all countries and territories saw their HAQ Index values improve; nonetheless, the difference between the highest and lowest observed HAQ Index was larger in 2015 than in 1990, ranging from 28.6 to 94.6. Of 195 geographies, 167 had statistically significant increases in HAQ Index levels since 1990, with South Korea, Turkey, Peru, China, and the Maldives recording among the largest gains by 2015. Performance on the HAQ Index and individual causes showed distinct patterns by region and level of development, yet substantial heterogeneities emerged for several causes, including cancers in highest-SDI countries; chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diarrhoeal diseases, and lower respiratory infections among middle-SDI countries; and measles and tetanus among lowest-SDI countries. While the global HAQ Index average rose from 40.7 (95% uncertainty interval, 39.0-42.8) in 1990 to 53.7 (52.2-55.4) in 2015, far less progress occurred in narrowing the gap between observed HAQ Index values and maximum levels achieved; at the global level, the difference between the observed and frontier HAQ Index only decreased from 21.2 in 1990 to 20.1 in 2015. If every country and territory had achieved the highest observed HAQ Index by their corresponding level of SDI, the global average would have been 73.8 in 2015. Several countries, particularly in eastern and western sub-Saharan Africa, reached HAQ Index values similar to or beyond their development levels, whereas others, namely in southern sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and south Asia, lagged behind what geographies of similar development attained between 1990 and 2015. Interpretation This novel extension of the GBD Study shows the untapped potential for personal health-care access and quality improvement across the development spectrum. Amid substantive advances in personal health care at the national level, heterogeneous patterns for individual causes in given countries or territories suggest that few places have consistently achieved optimal health-care access and quality across health-system functions and therapeutic areas. This is especially evident in middle-SDI countries, many of which have recently undergone or are currently experiencing epidemiological transitions. The HAQ Index, if paired with other measures of health-systemcharacteristics such as intervention coverage, could provide a robust avenue for tracking progress on universal health coverage and identifying local priorities for strengthening personal health-care quality and access throughout the world.

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30818-8View

Published (Version of record) Open

Metrics

1 Record Views

See more details

Details

Title: Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2015
Creators - without role: Ryan M. Barber - University of Washington
Nancy Fullman - University of Washington
Reed J. D. Sorensen - University of Washington
Thomas Bollyky - Council Foreign Relat, Washington, DC USA
Martin McKee - Supreme Council Of Health
Ellen Nolte - Supreme Council Of Health
Amanuel Alemu Abajobir - University of Queensland
Kalkidan Hassen Abate - Jimma University
Cristiana Abbafati - Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Kaja M. Abbas - Virginia Tech
Foad Abd-Allah - Cairo University
Abdishakur M. Abdulle - New York University Abu Dhabi
Ahmed Abdulahi Abdurahman - University of Tehran
Semaw Ferede Abera
Biju Abraham - NMSM Govt Coll Kalpetta, Kalpetta, Kerala, India
Girmatsion Fisseha Abreha - Mekelle University
Kelemework Adane - Mekelle University
Ademola Lukman Adelekan
Ifedayo Morayo O. Adetifa
Ashkan Afshin - University of Washington
Arnav Agarwal
Sanjay Kumar Agarwal - College Station Medical Center
Sunilkumar Agarwal - Natl Inst Occupat Hlth ICMR, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India
Anurag Agrawal
Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri - Lund University
Alireza Ahmadi - College Station Medical Center
Kedir Yimam Ahmed - Debre Markos University
Muktar Beshir Ahmed - Jimma University
Rufus Olusola Akinyemi
Tomi F. Akinyemiju - University of Alabama
Nadia Akseer
Ziyad Al-Aly - Washington Univ, St Louis, MO USA
Khurshid Alam
Noore Alam - Dept Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
Sayed Saidul Alam - Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res ICDDR, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Zewdie Aderaw Alemu - Debre Markos University
Kefyalew Addis Alene - University of Gondar
Lily Alexander - University of Washington
Raghib Ali - University of Oxford
Syed Danish Ali
Reza Alizadeh-Navaei - College Station Medical Center
Ala'a Alkerwi - Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg
Francois Alla - Supreme Council Of Health
Peter Allebeck - Karolinska Institutet
Christine Allen - University of Washington
Rajaa Al-Raddadi - Minist Hlth, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ubai Alsharif - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Khalid A. Altirkawi - King Saud University
Elena Alvarez Martin - Spanish Observ Drugs, Govt Delegat Natl Plan Drugs, Minist Hlth Social Policy & Equal, Madrid, Spain
Nelson Alvis-Guzman - University of Cartagena
Azmeraw T. Amare
Erfan Amini
Walid Ammar - Minist Publ Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon
Joshu Amo-Adjei
Yaw Ampem Amoako - College Station Medical Center
Benjamin O. Anderson - University of Washington
Sofia Androudi - University of Thessaly
Hossein Ansari - Biostat
Mustafa Geleto Ansha - West Hararghe Zonal Hlth Dept, Chiro, Ethiopia
Carl Abelardo T. Antonio - Univ Philippines, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Adm, Manila, Philippines
Johan Aernloev
Al Artaman - University of Manitoba
Hamid Asayesh - Supreme Council Of Health
Reza Assadi - College Station Medical Center
Ayalew Astatkie - Hawassa University
Tesfay Mehari Atey - Mekelle University
Suleman Atique - College Station Medical Center
Niguse Tadele Atnafu - Tepi Univ, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
Sachin R. Atre - Johns Hopkins University
Leticia Avila-Burgos - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Euripide Frinel G. Arthur Avokpaho
Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla
Ashish Awasthi - College Station Medical Center
Nebiyu Negussu Ayele - Minist Hlth, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Peter Azzopardi
Huda Omer Ba Saleem - College Station Medical Center
Till Baernighausen
Umar Bacha - Supreme Council Of Health
Alaa Badawi
Amitava Banerjee - Farr Institute
Aleksandra Barac - University of Belgrade
Miguel A. Barboza
Suzanne L. Barker-Collo - University of Auckland
Lope H. Barrero - Supreme Council Of Health
Sanjay Basu - Stanford University
Bernhard T. Baune
Kaleab Baye - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Yibeltal Tebekaw Bayou - Jhpiego Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
Neeraj Bedi - College Station Medical Center
Ettore Beghi - IRCCS, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
Yannick Bejot - University of Burgundy
Aminu K. Bello - University of Alberta
Derrick A. Bennett - University of Oxford
Isabela M. Bensenor - Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Adugnaw Berhane - Debre Berhan University
Eduardo Bernabe - Kings Coll London, London, England
Oscar Alberto Bernal - University of the Andes
Addisu Shunu Beyene
Tariku Jibat Beyene
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Sibhatu Biadgilign - Independent Publ Hlth Consultants, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Boris Bikbov - IRCCS, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
Sait Mentes Birlik - GBS CIDP Int Fdn, Menemen, Turkey
Charles Birungi - UCL, London, England
Stan Biryukov - University of Washington
Donal Bisanzio - University of Oxford
Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu - Debre Markos University
Dipan Bose - World Bank
Michael Brainin - Universität für Weiterbildung Krems
Michael Brauer
Alexandra Brazinova
Nicholas J. K. Breitborde - The Ohio State University
Hermann Brenner - Heidelberg
Zahid A. Butt - Al Shifa Trust Eye Hosp, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Rosario Cardenas - Metropolitan Autonomous Univ, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Ismael Ricardo Campos-Nonato
Josip Car - Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore, Singapore
Juan Jesus Carrero - Karolinska Institutet
Daniel Casey - University of Washington
Valeria Caso - University of Perugia
Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela
Jacqueline Castillo Rivas
Ferran Catala-Lopez
Pedro Cecilio
Kelly Cercy - University of Washington
Fiona J. Charlson
Alan Z. Chen - University of Washington
Adrienne Chew - University of Washington
Mirriam Chibalabala - WATCH
Chioma Ezinne Chibueze - Natl Ctr Child Hlth & Dev, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo, Japan
Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa
Abdulaal A. Chitheer - Minist Hlth, Baghdad, Iraq
Rajiv Chowdhury - University of Cambridge
Hanne Christensen - Bispebjerg Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark
Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher - College Station Medical Center
Liliana G. Ciobanu - University of Adelaide
Massimo Cirillo - University of Salerno
Megan S. Coggeshall - University of Washington
Leslie Trumbull Cooper - Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
Monica Cortinovis - IRCCS, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
John A. Crump - University of Otago
Koustuv Dalal - Walden University
Lalit Dandona
Rakhi Dandona
Paul I. Dargan - Guys & St Thomas NHS Fdn Trust, London, England
Jose das Neves
Gail Davey - Wellcome Trust
Dragos V. Davitoiu - College Station Medical Center
Kairat Davletov
Diego De Leo - Griffith University
Liana C. Del Gobbo - Stanford University
Borja del Pozo-Cruz - University of Auckland
Robert P. Dellavalle
Kebede Deribe
Amare Deribew
Don C. Des Jarlais
Subhojit Dey - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Indian Inst Publ Hlth Delhi, Gurgaon, India
Samath D. Dharmaratne - University of Peradeniya
Daniel Dicker - University of Washington
Eric L. Ding - Harvard University
Klara Dokova - College Station Medical Center
E. Ray Dorsey - University of Rochester
Kerrie E. Doyle
Manisha Dubey - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Rebecca Ehrenkranz - University of Washington
Christian Lycke Ellingsen - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway
Iqbal Elyazar - Eijkman Oxford Clin Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ahmadali Enayati - Supreme Council Of Health
Sergey Petrovich Ermakov
Babak Eshrati
Alireza Esteghamati
Kara Estep - University of Washington
Thomas Fuerst
Imad D. A. Faghmous - Supreme Council Of Health
Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Fanuel
Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon
Talha A. Farid - University of Louisville
Carla Sofia e Sa Farinha
Andre Faro - Univ Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
Maryam S. Farvid
Farshad Farzadfar
Valery L. Feigin - Auckland University of Technology
Andrea B. Feigl - Harvard University
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad - Karolinska Institutet
Jefferson G. Fernandes
Joao C. Fernandes
Tesfaye Regassa Feyissa - Wollega University
Florian Fischer - Supreme Council Of Health
Christina Fitzmaurice
Thomas D. Fleming - University of Washington
Nataliya Foigt - College Station Medical Center
Kyle J. Foreman
Mohammad H. Forouzanfar - Seattle Genet, Seattle, WA USA
Richard C. Franklin - James Cook University
Joseph Frostad - University of Washington
Tsegaye Tewelde G. hiwot
Emmanuela Gakidou - University of Washington
Ketevan Gambashidze
Amiran Gamkrelidze
Wayne Gao - Natl Hlth Res Inst, Taipei, Taiwan
Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro
Teshome Gebre - Task Force Global Hlth, Decatur, GA USA
Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin
Mengistu Welday Gebremichael - Mekelle University
Alemseged Aregay Gebru
Amha Admasie Gelaye - Wolaita Sodo University
Johanna M. Geleijnse - Wageningen Univ, Div Human Nutr, Wageningen, Netherlands
Ricard Genova-Maleras
Katherine B. Gibney
Ababi Zergaw Giref
Melkamu Dedefo Gishu
Giorgia Giussani - IRCCS, Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
William W. Godwin - University of Washington
Audra Gold - University of Washington
Ellen M. Goldberg - University of Washington
Philimon N. Gona - University of Massachusetts Boston
Amador Goodridge - ALTA
Sameer Vali Gopalani - Govt Federated States Micronesia, Dept Hlth & Social Affairs, Palikir, Micronesia
Atsushi Goto - Natl Canc Ctr, Ctr Publ Hlth Sci, Div Epidemiol, Tokyo, Japan
Nicholas Graetz - University of Washington
Felix Greaves
Max Griswold - University of Washington
Peter Imre Guban - Stockholm Cty Council Surveillance & Anal Ctr Epi, Solna, Sweden
Harish Chander Gugnani
Prakash C. Gupta - Sekhsaria Inst Publ Hlth, Navi Mumbai, India
Rahul Gupta
Rajeev Gupta
Tanush Gupta - The Bronx Defenders
Vipin Gupta - University of Delhi
Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold
Nima Hafezi-Nejad
Demewoz Haile - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu
Gessessew Bugssa Hailu
Alex Hakuzimana
Randah Ribhi Hamadeh - Arabian Gulf University
Mitiku Teshome Hambisa - Haramaya University
Samer Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Mouhanad Hammami - Wayne Cty Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Detroit, MI USA
Graeme J. Hankey
Yuantao Hao - Sun Yat-sen University
Hilda L. Harb - Minist Publ Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon
Habtamu Abera Hareri - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Josep Maria Haro - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
Rasmus Havmoeller - Karolinska Institutet
Roderick J. Hay
Simon I. Hay - University of Washington
Delia Hendrie - Curtin University
Ileana Beatriz Heredia-Pi - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Hans W. Hoek
Masako Horino - Nevada Div Publ & Behav Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Carson City, NV USA
Nobuyuki Horita - Yokohama City University
H. Dean Hosgood - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Aung Soe Htet
Guoqing Hu - Supreme Council Of Health
Hsiang Huang - Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Cambridge, MA USA
John J. Huang - University of New Haven
Bethany M. Huntley - University of Washington
Chantal Huynh - University of Washington
Kim Moesgaard Iburg - Aarhus University
Bogdan Vasile Ileanu - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Kaire Innos - Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia
Asnake Ararsa Irenso
Nader Jahanmehr - Shahid Beheshti University
Mihajlo B. Jakovljevic - University of Kragujevac
Peter James - Harvard University
Spencer Lewis James - University of Colorado Denver
Mehdi Javanbakht - University of Aberdeen
Sudha P. Jayaraman - Virginia Commonwealth University
Achala Upendra Jayatilleke
Panniyammakal Jeemon
Vivekanand Jha
Denny John - Int Ctr Res Women, New Delhi, India
Catherine Johnson
Sarah C. Johnson - University of Washington
Jost B. Jonas - Heidelberg University
Knud Juel - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark
Zubair Kabir - Univ Coll Cork, Cork, Ireland
Yogeshwar Kalkonde - ACT
Ritul Kamal - CSIR, Indian Inst Toxicol Res, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Haidong Kan - Fudan University
Andre Karch
Corine Kakizi Karema
Seyed M. Karimi - University of Washington Tacoma
Amir Kasaeian
Nicholas J. Kassebaum
Anshul Kastor - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi - University of Glasgow
Konstantin Kazanjan - Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Peter Njenga Keiyoro
Laura Kemmer - University of Washington
Andrew Haddon Kemp
Andre Pascal Kengne
Amene Abebe Kerbo - Wolaita Sodo University
Maia Kereselidze - Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran - CSIR, Indian Inst Toxicol Res, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
Yousef Saleh Khader - Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Irbid, Jordan
Ibrahim Khalil - University of Washington
Abdur Rahman Khan - University of Louisville
Ejaz Ahmad Khan - Hlth Serv Acad, Islamabad, Pakistan
Gulfaraz Khan - United Arab Emirates University
Young-Ho Khang - College Station Medical Center
Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah Khoja
Irma Khonelidze - Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Jagdish Khubchandani - Ball State University
Getiye Dejenu Kibret - Debre Markos University
Daniel Kim - Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Pauline Kim - University of Washington
Yun Jin Kim - Southern Univ Coll, Skudai, Malaysia
Ruth W. Kimokoti - Simmons Coll, Boston, MA 02115 USA
Yohannes Kinfu - University of Canberra
Niranjan Kissoon - University of British Columbia
Miia Kivipelto - Karolinska Institutet
Yoshihiro Kokubo - Natl Cerebral & Cardiovasc Ctr, Dept Prevent Cardiol, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Anneli Kolk - University of Tartu
Dhaval Kolte - Brown University
Jacek A. Kopec - University of British Columbia
Soewarta Kosen - NIHRD, Ctr Community Empowerment Hlth Policy & Humanitie, Jakarta, Indonesia
Parvaiz A. Koul - College Station Medical Center
Ai Koyanagi - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
Michael Kravchenko - Res Ctr Neurol, Moscow, Russia
Sanjay Krishnaswami - University of Portland
Kristopher J. Krohn - University of Washington
Barthelemy Kuate Defo
Burcu Kucuk Bicer - Hacettepe University
Ernst J. Kuipers - Erasmus MC
Veena S. Kulkarni - Arkansas State University
G. Anil Kumar - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Guragon, India
Fekede Asefa Kumsa
Michael Kutz - University of Washington
Hmwe H. Kyu - University of Washington
Anton Carl Jonas Lager - College Station Medical Center
Aparna Lal
Dharmesh Kumar Lal
Ratilal Lalloo - University of Queensland
Tea Lallukka - University of Helsinki
Qing Lan - NCI, Rockville, MD USA
Sinead M. Langan - Supreme Council Of Health
Van C. Lansingh
Heidi J. Larson
Anders Larsson - Uppsala University
Dennis Odai Laryea - Komfo Anokye Teaching Hosp, Kumasi, Ghana
Asma Abdul Latif - Lahore Coll Women Univ, Dept Zool, Lahore, Pakistan
Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz - Inst Nacl Epidemiol Dr Juan H Jara, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Janet L. Leasher - Nova Southeastern University
James Leigh - University of Sydney
Mall Leinsalu - National Institute for Health Development, Tallin, Estonia
Cheru Tesema Leshargie - Debre Markos University
Janni Leung
Ricky Leung - SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA
Miriam Levi - Florence
Xiaofeng Liang - Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China
Stephen S. Lim - University of Washington
Margaret Lind
Shai Linn - University of Haifa
Steven E. Lipshultz
Patrick Liu - University of Washington
Yang Liu - Emory University
Loon-Tzian Lo
Giancarlo Logroscino - University of Bari Aldo Moro
Alan D. Lopez - University of Melbourne
Scott A. Lorch - Supreme Council Of Health
Paulo A. Lotufo - Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Rafael Lozano - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Raimundas Lunevicius
Ronan A. Lyons - Swansea University
Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan - University of New Haven
Mark T. Mackay - Royal Childrens Hosp, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek - College Station Medical Center
Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek - Aswan University
Mahdi Mahdavi
Azeem Majeed - Imperial Coll London, London, England
Reza Malekzadeh
Deborah Carvalho Malta - Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Lorenzo G. Mantovani - University of Milano-Bicocca
Tsegahun Manyazewal - Ethiopian Publ Hlth Assoc, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Chabila C. Mapoma - University of Zambia
Wagner Marcenes - Kings Coll London, Dent Inst, Div Populat & Patient Hlth, London, England
Guy B. Marks
Neal Marquez - University of Washington
Jose Martinez-Raga
Melvin Barrientos Marzan - Univ East Ramon, Magsaysay Mem Med Ctr, Quezon City, Philippines
Joao Massano
Manu Raj Mathur - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurgaon, India
Pallab K. Maulik - George Institute for Global Health
Mohsen Mazidi - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Key State Lab Mol Dev Biol, Beijing, Peoples R China
Colm McAlinden
John J. McGrath - University of Queensland
Claire McNellan - University of Washington
Peter A. Meaney
Alem Mehari - Howard University
Man Mohan Mehndiratta - Janakpuri Superspecialty Hosp, New Delhi, India
Toni Meier - Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Alemayehu B. Mekonnen
Kidanu Gebremariam Meles - Mekelle University
Ziad A. Memish
Melkamu Merid Mengesha - Haramaya University
Desalegn Tadese Mengiste - Mekelle University
Mubarek Abera Mengistie - Jimma University
Bereket Gebremichael Menota - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
George A. Mensah - NHLBI, NIH, Ctr Translat Res & Implementat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Seid Tiku Mereta - Jimma University
Atte Meretoja - University of Melbourne
Tuomo J. Meretoja
Haftay Berhane Mezgebe - Mekelle University
Renata Micha - Tufts University
Anoushka Millear - University of Washington
Edward J. Mills - University of Ottawa
Shawn Minnig - University of Washington
Mojde Mirarefin
Erkin M. Mirrakhimov
Charles N. Mock - University of Washington
Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad - Univ Salahaddin, Erbil, Iraq
Shafiu Mohammed
Sanjay K. Mohanty - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Ali H. Mokdad - University of Washington
Glen Liddell D. Mola - University of Papua New Guinea
Mariam Molokhia - Kings Coll London, London, England
Lorenzo Monasta - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Trieste, Italy
Marcella Montico - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Trieste, Italy
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh
Paula Moraga - Queensland University of Technology
Lidia Morawska - Queensland University of Technology
Rintaro Mori - Natl Ctr Child Hlth & Dev, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo, Japan
Mark Moses - University of Washington
Ulrich O. Mueller - Federal Reserve
Srinivas Murthy - University of British Columbia
Kamarul Imran Musa - Supreme Council Of Health
Jean B. Nachega
Chie Nagata - Natl Ctr Child Hlth & Dev, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo, Japan
Gabriele Nagel - University of Ulm
Mohsen Naghavi - University of Washington
Aliya Naheed - Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res ICDDR, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Luigi Naldi - Azienda Osped Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
Vinay Nangia - Suraj Eye Institute
Bruno Ramos Nascimento
Ionut Negoi - College Station Medical Center
Sudan Prasad Neupane - University of Oslo
Charles R. Newton - Wellcome Trust
Marie Ng - University of Washington
Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni - Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Josephine Wanjiku Ngunjiri - University of Nairobi
Grant Nguyen - University of Washington
Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
Sandra Nolte
Marika Nomura - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Saitama, Japan
Ole F. Norheim - University of Bergen
Bo Norrving - Lund University
Jean Jacques N. Noubiap
Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer - Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Hlth Sci, Ctr Res Populat & Hlth, Beirut, Lebanon
Felix Akpojene Ogbo - Western Sydney University
In-Hwan Oh - Kyung Hee University
Anselm Okoro - Soc Family Hlth, Abuja, Nigeria
Olanrewaju Oladimeji
Andrew Toyin Olagunju - University of Adelaide
Pedro R. Olivares - Univ Autonoma Chile, Talca, Chile
Helen E. Olsen - University of Washington
Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya - Healthy Start
Jacob Olusegun Olusanya - Healthy Start
John Nelson Opio - Lira Dist Local Govt, Lira Municipal Council, Lira, Uganda
Eyal Oren - University of Arizona
Alberto Ortiz - IIS Fdn Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
Richard H. Osborne - Deakin University
Majdi Osman
Mayowa O. Owolabi
P. A. Mahesh
Amanda W. Pain - University of Washington
Smita Pakhale - Ottawa Hosp, Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Elizabeth Palomares Castillo
Adrian Pana - Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Christina Papachristou - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Mahboubeh Parsaeian
Tejas Patel - Mt Sinai Hlth Syst, New York, NY USA
George C. Patton - University of Melbourne
Deepak Paudel - UK Dept Int Dev, Lalitpur, Nepal
Vinod K. Paul - College Station Medical Center
Neil Pearce - Supreme Council Of Health
David M. Pereira - Universidade do Porto
Rogelio Perez-Padilla - Natl Inst Resp Dis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
Fernando Perez-Ruiz
Norberto Perico
Konrad Pesudovs - Flinders University
Max Petzold
Michael Robert Phillips
David M. Pigott - University of Washington
Julian David Pillay - Durban University of Technology
Christine Pinho - University of Washington
Suzanne Polinder - Erasmus MC
Constance D. Pond - Univ Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
V. Prakash - Charotar Univ Sci & Technol, Anand, Gujarat, India
Manorama Purwar - Intergrowth 21st Study Res Ctr, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Mostafa Qorbani - College Station Medical Center
D. Alex Quistberg
Amir Radfar - AT Still Univ, Kirksville, MO USA
Anwar Rafay
Kazem Rahimi - University of Oxford
Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Mahfuzar Rahman
Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman
Rajesh Kumar Rai - Soc Hlth & Demog Surveillance, Suri, India
Usha Ram - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Saleem M. Rana
Zane Rankin - University of Washington
Paturi Vishnupriya Rao
Puja C. Rao - University of Washington
Salman Rawaf - Imperial Coll London, London, England
Maria Albertina Santiago Rego - Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Marissa Reitsma - University of Washington
Giuseppe Remuzzi
Andre M. N. N. Renzaho - Western Sydney University
Serge Resnikoff
Satar Rezaei
Mohammad Sadegh Rezai
Antonio L. Ribeiro - Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Hosp Clin, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Hirbo Shore Roba - Haramaya University
Mohammad Bagher Rokni - University of Tehran
Luca Ronfani - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Trieste, Italy
Gholamreza Roshandel
Gregory A. Roth - University of Washington
Dietrich Rothenbacher - College Station Medical Center
Nawal K. Roy
Perminder S. Sachdev
Ben Benasco Sackey - World Hlth Org, Accra, Ghana
Mohammad Yahya Saeedi - Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Saeid Safiri - College Station Medical Center
Rajesh Sagar - College Station Medical Center
Mohammad Ali Sahraian
Muhammad Muhammad Saleh - Dev Res & Projects Ctr, Abuja, Nigeria
Joshua A. Salomon - Harvard University
Abdallah M. Samy
Juan Ramon Sanabria
Maria Dolores Sanchez-Nino - IIS Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
Logan Sandar - University of Washington
Itamar S. Santos - College Station Medical Center
Joao Vasco Santos - Universidade do Porto
Milena M. Santric Milicevic
Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez - Univ Ciencias Aplicadas & Ambient, Bogota, Colombia
Benn Sartorius
Maheswar Satpathy - College Station Medical Center
Miloje Savic - Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway
Monika Sawhney - Marshall University
Mete I. Saylan - Bayer Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
Ben Schoettker
Aletta E. Schutte
David C. Schwebel - University of Alabama
Soraya Seedat - Stellenbosch University
Abdulbasit Musa Seid - Haramaya University
Canaan Negash Seifu - Wolaita Sodo University
Sadaf G. Sepanlou
Berrin Serdar - Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA
Edson E. Servan-Mori - Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
Tesfaye Setegn - Bahir Dar University
Katya Anne Shackelford - University of Washington
Amira Shaheen - Najah Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Nablus, Palestine
Saeid Shahraz - College Station Medical Center
Masood Ali Shaikh
Marina Shakh-Nazarova - Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Mansour Shamsipour
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam - Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res ICDDR, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Jayendra Sharma - Minist Hlth, Thimphu, Bhutan
Rajesh Sharma - Indian Institute of Technology Ropar
Jun She - Fudan University
Sara Sheikhbahaei
Jiabin Shen
Peilin Shi - Tufts University
Mika Shigematsu
Min-Jeong Shin - Korea Univ, Grad Sch, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Seoul, South Korea
Rahman Shiri - University of Helsinki
Haitham Shoman - Imperial Coll London, London, England
Mark G. Shrime - Harvard University
Ephrem Lejore Sibamo Sibamo - Wolaita Sodo University
Inga Dora Sigfusdottir - Reykjavík University
Diego Augusto Santos Silva - Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira - Universidade de Brasília
Shireen Sindi - Karolinska Institutet
Abhishek Singh - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Jasvinder A. Singh
Om Prakash Singh - Banaras Hindu University
Prashant Kumar Singh - Inst Human Dev, New Delhi, India
Virendra Singh - Asthma Bhawan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Abiy Hiruye Sinke - College Station Medical Center
Aklilu Endalamaw Sinshaw - University of Gondar
Vegard Skirbekk
Karen Sliwa - University of Cape Town
Alison Smith - University of Washington
Eugene Sobngwi
Samir Soneji - Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
Joan B. Soriano - Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Invest Hosp Univ Princesa, Madrid, Spain
Tatiane Cristina Moraes Sousa - Supreme Council Of Health
Luciano A. Sposato - Western Univ, Dept Clin Neurol Sci, London, ON, Canada
Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy - College Station Medical Center
Vasiliki Stathopoulou - Attikon Univ Hosp, Athens, Greece
Nicholas Steel
Caitlyn Steiner - University of Washington
Sabine Steinke - Univ Hosp Muenster, Dept Dermatol, Munster, Germany
Mark Andrew Stokes - Deakin University
Saverio Stranges - Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg
Mark Strong - University of Sheffield
Konstantinos Stroumpoulis
Lela Sturua - Birmingham Repertory Theatre
Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan - Ahmadu Bello University
Rizwan Abdulkader Suliankatchi - Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Jiandong Sun
Patrick Sur - University of Washington
Soumya Swaminathan - College Station Medical Center
Bryan L. Sykes
Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos
Karen M. Tabb - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Getachew Redae Taffere - Mekelle University
Roberto Tchio Talongwa - Minist Hlth, MINSANTE, Yaounde, Cameroon
Musharaf Tarajia - Inst Conmemorativo Gorgas Estudios Salud, Panama City, Panama
Mohammad Tavakkoli - New York Medical College
Nuno Taveira
Stephanie Teeple - University of Washington
Teketo Kassaw Tegegne - Debre Markos University
Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi - College Station Medical Center
Tesfalidet Tekelab
Dejen Yemane Tekle - Mekelle University
Girma Temam Shifa
Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi
Azeb Gebresilassie Tesema - Mekelle University
J. S. Thakur - Supreme Council Of Health
Alan J. Thomson - Adapt Knowledge Management, Victoria, BC, Canada
Taavi Tillmann - UCL, Inst Epidemiol & Hlth, London, England
Tenaw Yimer Tiruye - Debre Markos University
Ruoyan Tobe-Gai - Natl Ctr Child Hlth & Dev, Tokyo, Japan
Marcello Tonelli - University of Calgary
Roman Topor-Madry - Jagiellonian University
Miguel Tortajada - Hosp Univ Dr Peset, Valencia, Spain
Christopher Troeger - University of Washington
Thomas Truelsen - University of Copenhagen
Abera Kenay Tura
Uche S. Uchendu - Washington DC, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA
Kingsley N. Ukwaja - Federal Reserve
Eduardo A. Undurraga - Brandeis University
Chigozie Jesse Uneke - Ebonyi State University
Olalekan A. Uthman - University of Warwick
Job F. M. van Boven - University of Groningen
Rita Van Dingenen - Joint Res Ctr, European Commiss, Ispra, Italy
Santosh Varughese - College Station Medical Center
Tommi Vasankari - UKK Inst Hlth Promot Res, Tampere, Finland
Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian - Raffles Hosp, Raffles Neurosci Ctr, Singapore, Singapore
Francesco S. Violante - University of Bologna
Sergey K. Vladimirov - Fed Res Inst Hlth Org & Informat, Moscow, Russia
Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov - Supreme Council Of Health
Stein Emil Vollset
Theo Vos - University of Washington
Joseph A. Wagner - University of Washington
Tolassa Wakayo - Jimma University
Stephen G. Waller - Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
Judd L. Walson
Haidong Wang - University of Washington
Yuan-Pang Wang - Supreme Council Of Health
David A. Watkins
Elisabete Weiderpass
Robert G. Weintraub
Chi-Pang Wen - Natl Hlth Res Inst, Hlth Policy, Taipei, Taiwan
Andrea Werdecker - Federal Reserve
Joshua Wesana
Ronny Westerman
Harvey A. Whiteford
James D. Wilkinson - Wayne State University
Charles Shey Wiysonge
Belete Getahun Woldeyes - Univ Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Charles D. A. Wolfe
Sungho Won - Supreme Council Of Health
Abdulhalik Workicho
Shimelash Bitew Workie - Wolaita Sodo University
Mamo Wubshet
Denis Xavier - College Station Medical Center
Gelin Xu - Nanjing University
Ajit Kumar Yadav - Int Inst Populat Sci, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Mohsen Yaghoubi - University of Saskatchewan
Bereket Yakob - University of KwaZulu-Natal
Lijing L. Yan - Duke Kunshan University
Yuichiro Yano - Northwestern University
Mehdi Yaseri
Hassen Hamid Yimam - Tepi Univ, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia
Paul Yip
Naohiro Yonemoto - Kyoto University
Seok-Jun Yoon - Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Prevent Med, Seoul, South Korea
Mustafa Z. Younis - Jackson State University
Chuanhua Yu
Zoubida Zaidi - Univ Hosp, Setif, Algeria
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki - Mansoura University
Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio
Tomas Zapata - World Hlth Org, Windhoek, Namibia
Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe - Mekelle University
Sanjay Zodpey - Publ Hlth Fdn India, Indian Inst Publ Hlth Delhi, Gurgaon, India
Leo Zoeckler - University of Washington
Liesl Joanna Zuhlke - Mécanique et Engrenage Moderne
Christopher J. L. Murray - University of Washington
GBD 2015 Healthcare Access and Quality Collaborators
Publication Details: The Lancet (British edition), Vol.390(10091), pp.231-266
Identifiers: 9913449608331
Academic Unit: Alfaisal University; Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU); King Abdulaziz University; King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article