Abstract
Inflammatory odontogenic cysts are pathological fluid filled cavities lined by the epithelium, originating from the remnants of odontogenic epithelial cells such as rests cells of Malassez [1]. They result from the infection of root canals caused by caries or trauma to the pulp tissue, with resulting pulpal changes [2]. Inflammatory odontogenic cysts could be classified into: radicular (apical/ lateral periodontal or apical cyst), residual and paradental cyst, each requiring treatment. The aim of this case report is therefore to highlight the management of inflammatory cysts of the maxilla in a 32 year-old female patient with previous history of root canal therapy on the upper anterior teeth, who presented with a bluish oval-shaped swelling measuring about 1.5cm x 1cm, located labially between #22 and #23, with no tenderness and little palatal extension. Medical history was non-contributory. Lateral periodontal cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, radicular cyst as well as globulomaxillary cyst were considered as possible provisional diagnosis. Cyst enucleation with bone sauceraization using acrylic burs performed under local anesthesia was uneventful. Histology came back as radicular cyst. In conclusion, the radicular cyst is one of the commonest types of inflammatory odontogenic formations that requires prompt and detailed treatment with regular monitoring, in order to prevent undue epithelial cells transformation.