Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders

Marcel den Hoed; Mark Eijgelsheim; Tonu Esko; Bianca J. J. M. Brundel; David S. Peal; David M. Evans; Ilja M. Nolte; Ayellet V. Segre; Hilma Holm; Robert E. Handsaker; Harm-Jan Westra; Toby Johnson; Aaron Isaacs; Jian Yang; Alicia Lundby; Jing Hua Zhao; Young Jin Kim; Min Jin Go; Peter Almgren; Murielle Bochud; Gabrielle Boucher; Marilyn C. Cornelis; Daniel Gudbjartsson; David Hadley; Pim van der Harst; Caroline Hayward; Martin den Heijer; Wilmar Igl; Anne U. Jackson; Zoltan Kutalik; Jian'an Luan; John P. Kemp; Kati Kristiansson; Claes Ladenvall; Mattias Lorentzon; May E. Montasser; Omer T. Njajou; Paul F. O'Reilly; Sandosh Padmanabhan; Beate St Pourcain; Tuomo Rankinen; Perttu Salo; Toshiko Tanaka; Nicholas J. Timpson; Veronique Vitart; Lindsay Waite; William Wheeler; Weihua Zhang; Harmen H. M. Draisma; Mary F. Feitosa; Kathleen F. Kerr; Penelope A. Lind; Evelin Mihailov; N. Charlotte Onland-Moret; Ci Song; Michael N. Weedon; Weijia Xie; Loic Yengo; Devin Absher; Christine M. Albert; Alvaro Alonso; Dan E. Arking; Paul I. W. de Bakker; Beverley Balkau; Cristina Barlassina; Paola Benaglio; Joshua C. Bis; Nabila Bouatia-Naji; Soren Brage; Stephen J. Chanock; Peter S. Chines; Mina Chung; Dawood Darbar; Christian Dina; Marcus Doerr; Paul Elliott; Stephan B. Felix; Krista Fischer; Christian Fuchsberger; Eco J. C. de Geus; Philippe Goyette; Vilmundur Gudnason; Tamara B. Harris; Anna-Liisa Hartikainen; Aki S. Havulinna; Susan R. Heckbert; Andrew A. Hicks; Albert Hofman; Suzanne Holewijn; Femke Hoogstra-Berends; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Majken K. Jensen; Asa Johansson; Juhani Junttila; Stefan Kaeaeb; Bart Kanon; Shamika Ketkar; Kay-Tee Khaw; Joshua W. Knowles; Angrad S. Kooner; Jan A. Kors; Meena Kumari; Lili Milani; Paeivi Laiho; Edward G. Lakatta; Claudia Langenberg; Maarten Leusink; Yongmei Liu; Robert N. Luben; Kathryn L. Lunetta; Stacey N. Lynch; Marcello R. P. Markus; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Irene Mateo Leach; Wendy L. McArdle; Steven A. McCarroll; Sarah E. Medland; Kathryn A. Miller; Grant W. Montgomery; Alanna C. Morrison; Martina Mueller-Nurasyid; Pau Navarro; Mari Nelis; Jeffrey R. O'Connell; Christopher J. O'Donnell; Ken K. Ong; Anne B. Newman; Annette Peters; Ozren Polasek; Anneli Pouta; Peter P. Pramstaller; Bruce M. Psaty; Dabeeru C. Rao; Susan M. Ring; Elizabeth J. Rossin; Diana Rudan; Serena Sanna; Robert A. Scott; Jaban S. Sehmi; Stephen Sharp; Jordan T. Shin; Andrew B. Singleton; Albert V. Smith; Nicole Soranzo; Tim D. Spector; Chip Stewart; Heather M. Stringham; Kirill V. Tarasov; Andre G. Uitterlinden; Liesbeth Vandenput; Shih-Jen Hwang; John B. Whitfield; Cisca Wijmenga; Sarah H. Wild; Gonneke Willemsen; James F. Wilson; Jacqueline C. M. Witteman; Andrew Wong; Quenna Wong; Yalda Jamshidi; Paavo Zitting; Jolanda M. A. Boer; Dorret I. Boomsma; Ingrid B. Borecki; Cornelia M. van Duijn; Ulf Ekelund; Nita G. Forouhi; Philippe Froguel; Aroon Hingorani; Erik Ingelsson; Mika Kivimaki; Richard A. Kronmal; Diana Kuh; Lars Lind; Nicholas G. Martin; Ben A. Oostra; Nancy L. Pedersen; Thomas Quertermous; Jerome I. Rotter; Yvonne T. van der Schouw; W. M. Monique Verschuren; Mark Walker; Demetrius Albanes; David O. Arnar; Themistocles L. Assimes; Stefania Bandinelli; Michael Boehnke; Rudolf A. de Boer; Claude Bouchard; W. L. Mark Caulfield; John C. Chambers; Gary Curhan; Daniele Cusi; Johan Eriksson; Luigi Ferrucci; Wiek H. van Gilst; Nicola Glorioso; Jacqueline de Graaf; Leif Groop; Ulf Gyllensten; Wen-Chi Hsueh; Frank B. Hu; Heikki V. Huikuri; David J. Hunter; Carlos Iribarren; Bo Isomaa; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; Antti Jula; Mika Kahonen; Lambertus A. Kiemeney; Melanie M. van der Klauw; Jaspal S. Kooner; Peter Kraft; Licia Iacoviello; Terho Lehtimaki; Marja-Liisa L. Lokki; Braxton D. Mitchell; Gerjan Navis; Markku S. Nieminen; Claes Ohlsson; Neil R. Poulter; Lu Qi; Olli T. Raitakari; Eric B. Rimm; John D. Rioux; Federica Rizzi; Igor Rudan; Veikko Salomaa; Peter S. Sever; Denis C. Shields; Alan R. Shuldiner; Juha Sinisalo; Alice V. Stanton; Ronald P. Stolk; David P. Strachan; Jean-Claude Tardif; Unnur Thorsteinsdottir; Jaako Tuomilehto; Dirk J. van Veldhuisen; Jarmo Virtamo; Jorma Viikari; Peter Vollenweider; Gerard Waeber; Elisabeth Widen; Yoon Shin Cho; Jesper V. Olsen; Peter M. Visscher; Cristen Willer; Lude Franke; Jeanette Erdmann; John R. Thompson; Arne Pfeufer; Nona Sotoodehnia; Christopher Newton-Cheh; Patrick T. Ellinor; Bruno H. Ch Stricker; Andres Metspalu; Markus Perola; Jacques S. Beckmann; George Davey Smith; Kari Stefansson; Nicholas J. Wareham; Patricia B. Munroe; Ody C. M. Sibon; David J. Milan; Harold Snieder; Nilesh J. Samani; Ruth J. F. Loos; QRS GWGWAS Consortium

doi:10.1038/ng.2610

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Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders

Marcel den Hoed, Mark Eijgelsheim, Tonu Esko, Bianca J. J. M. Brundel, David S. Peal, David M. Evans, Ilja M. Nolte, Ayellet V. Segre, Hilma Holm, Robert E. Handsaker, …

Nature genetics, Vol.45(6), pp.621-+

01/06/2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ng.2610

PMCID: PMC3696959

PMID: 23583979

Abstract

Genetics & Heredity

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Science & Technology

Elevated resting heart rate is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. In a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in up to 181,171 individuals, we identified 14 new loci associated with heart rate and confirmed associations with all 7 previously established loci. Experimental downregulation of gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster and Danio rerio identified 20 genes at 11 loci that are relevant for heart rate regulation and highlight a role for genes involved in signal transmission, embryonic cardiac development and the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death. In addition, genetic susceptibility to increased heart rate is associated with altered cardiac conduction and reduced risk of sick sinus syndrome, and both heart rate-increasing and heart rate-decreasing variants associate with risk of atrial fibrillation. Our findings provide fresh insights into the mechanisms regulating heart rate and identify new therapeutic targets.

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Title: Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders
Creators - without role: Marcel den Hoed - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Mark Eijgelsheim - Erasmus MC
Tonu Esko - Estonian Biocentre
Bianca J. J. M. Brundel - University Medical Center Groningen
David S. Peal - Massachusetts General Hospital
David M. Evans - University of Bristol
Ilja M. Nolte - University Medical Center Groningen
Ayellet V. Segre - Massachusetts General Hospital
Hilma Holm - deCODE Genetics
Robert E. Handsaker - Broad Institute
Harm-Jan Westra - University Medical Center Groningen
Toby Johnson - William Harvey Research Institute
Aaron Isaacs - Erasmus MC
Jian Yang - Wellcome Sanger Institute
Alicia Lundby - Broad Institute
Jing Hua Zhao - MRC Epidemiology Unit
Young Jin Kim - Korea National Institute of Health
Min Jin Go - Korea National Institute of Health
Peter Almgren - Lund University
Murielle Bochud - Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine
Gabrielle Boucher - Montreal Heart Institute
Marilyn C. Cornelis - Harvard University
Daniel Gudbjartsson - deCODE Genetics
David Hadley - St George's, University of London
Pim van der Harst - University Medical Center Groningen
Caroline Hayward - MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
Martin den Heijer - University of Amsterdam
Wilmar Igl - Uppsala University
Anne U. Jackson - University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
Zoltan Kutalik - University of Lausanne
Jian'an Luan - MRC Epidemiology Unit
John P. Kemp - University of Bristol
Kati Kristiansson - Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland
Claes Ladenvall - Lund University
Mattias Lorentzon - University of Gothenburg
May E. Montasser - University of Maryland, Baltimore
Omer T. Njajou - University of California, San Francisco
Paul F. O'Reilly - Imperial College London
Sandosh Padmanabhan - University of Glasgow
Beate St Pourcain - University of Bristol
Tuomo Rankinen - Pennington Biomedical Research Center
Perttu Salo - University of Helsinki
Toshiko Tanaka - National Institute on Aging
Nicholas J. Timpson - University of Bristol
Veronique Vitart - MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine
Lindsay Waite - HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology
William Wheeler - Information Management Services
Weihua Zhang - Imperial College London
Harmen H. M. Draisma - EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research
Mary F. Feitosa - Supreme Council Of Health
Kathleen F. Kerr - University of Washington
Penelope A. Lind - QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
Evelin Mihailov - University of Tartu
N. Charlotte Onland-Moret - University Medical Center Utrecht
Ci Song - Karolinska Institutet
Michael N. Weedon - University of Exeter
Weijia Xie - University of Exeter
Loic Yengo - Pasteur Institute of Lille
Devin Absher - HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology
Christine M. Albert - Brigham and Women's Hospital
Alvaro Alonso - University of Minnesota
Dan E. Arking - Johns Hopkins Medicine
Paul I. W. de Bakker - Broad Institute
Beverley Balkau - University of Paris-Sud
Cristina Barlassina - Fondazione Filarete
Paola Benaglio - University of Lausanne
Joshua C. Bis - University of Washington
Nabila Bouatia-Naji - Pasteur Institute of Lille
Soren Brage - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Stephen J. Chanock - National Cancer Institute
Peter S. Chines - National Institutes of Health
Mina Chung - Cleveland Clinic
Dawood Darbar - Vanderbilt University
Christian Dina - Institut du Thorax
Marcus Doerr - College Station Medical Center
Paul Elliott - Imperial College London
Stephan B. Felix - Greifswald University Hospital
Krista Fischer - University of Tartu
Christian Fuchsberger - University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
Eco J. C. de Geus - EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research
Philippe Goyette - Montreal Heart Institute
Vilmundur Gudnason - Icelandic Heart Association
Tamara B. Harris - National Institute on Aging
Anna-Liisa Hartikainen - University of Oulu
Aki S. Havulinna - Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
Susan R. Heckbert - University of Washington
Andrew A. Hicks - Eurac Research
Albert Hofman - Erasmus MC
Suzanne Holewijn - Radboud University Medical Center
Femke Hoogstra-Berends - University Medical Center Groningen
Jouke-Jan Hottenga - EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research
Majken K. Jensen - Harvard University
Asa Johansson - Uppsala University
Juhani Junttila - University of Oulu
Stefan Kaeaeb - College Station Medical Center
Bart Kanon - University Medical Center Groningen
Shamika Ketkar - Supreme Council Of Health
Kay-Tee Khaw - University of Cambridge
Joshua W. Knowles - Stanford University
Angrad S. Kooner - National Health Service
Jan A. Kors - College Station Medical Center
Meena Kumari - UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Genet Epidemiol Grp, London, England
Lili Milani - University of Tartu
Paeivi Laiho - Biomedicum Helsinki, Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Helsinki, Finland
Edward G. Lakatta - NIA, Lab Cardiovasc Sci, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Claudia Langenberg - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Maarten Leusink - College Station Medical Center
Yongmei Liu - Wake Forest University
Robert N. Luben - University of Cambridge
Kathryn L. Lunetta - Boston University
Stacey N. Lynch - Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Marcello R. P. Markus - College Station Medical Center
Pedro Marques-Vidal - CHU Vaudois, IUMSP, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
Irene Mateo Leach - University of Groningen
Wendy L. McArdle - University of Bristol
Steven A. McCarroll - Broad Institute
Sarah E. Medland - Broad Institute
Kathryn A. Miller - University of London
Grant W. Montgomery - College Station Medical Center
Alanna C. Morrison - Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Human Genet Ctr, Houston, TX USA
Martina Mueller-Nurasyid - College Station Medical Center
Pau Navarro - University of Edinburgh
Mari Nelis - Estonian Bioctr, Tartu, Estonia
Jeffrey R. O'Connell - Supreme Council Of Health
Christopher J. O'Donnell - Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Mol Biol, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Ken K. Ong - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Anne B. Newman - University of Pittsburgh
Annette Peters - Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
Ozren Polasek - University of Split
Anneli Pouta - University of Oulu
Peter P. Pramstaller - European Acad Bozen Bolzano EURAC, Ctr Biomed, Bolzano, Italy
Bruce M. Psaty - University of Washington
Dabeeru C. Rao - Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Biostat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
Susan M. Ring - University of Bristol
Elizabeth J. Rossin - Broad Institute
Diana Rudan - University of Split
Serena Sanna - CNR, Ist Ric Genet & Biomed, Monserrato, Italy
Robert A. Scott - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Jaban S. Sehmi - Ealing Hosp Natl Hlth Serv NHS Trust, Dept Cardiol, London, England
Stephen Sharp - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Jordan T. Shin - Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Andrew B. Singleton - NIA, Neurogenet Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
Albert V. Smith - Iceland Heart Assoc Res Inst, Kopavogur, Iceland
Nicole Soranzo - Wellcome Sanger Institute
Tim D. Spector - Kings Coll London, St Thomas Hosp, Dept Twin Res, London WC2R 2LS, England
Chip Stewart - Broad Institute
Heather M. Stringham - Biostat
Kirill V. Tarasov - NIA, Lab Cardiovasc Sci, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Andre G. Uitterlinden - College Station Medical Center
Liesbeth Vandenput - University of Gothenburg
Shih-Jen Hwang - Framingham Heart Study
John B. Whitfield - College Station Medical Center
Cisca Wijmenga - University of Groningen
Sarah H. Wild - University of Edinburgh
Gonneke Willemsen - University of Amsterdam
James F. Wilson - University of Edinburgh
Jacqueline C. M. Witteman - College Station Medical Center
Andrew Wong - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Quenna Wong - University of Washington
Yalda Jamshidi - Kings Coll London, St Thomas Hosp, Dept Twin Res, London WC2R 2LS, England
Paavo Zitting - Lapland Cent Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Rovaniemi, Finland
Jolanda M. A. Boer - Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Nutr Prevent & Hlth Serv, Bilthoven, Netherlands
Dorret I. Boomsma - University of Amsterdam
Ingrid B. Borecki - Supreme Council Of Health
Cornelia M. van Duijn - College Station Medical Center
Ulf Ekelund - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Nita G. Forouhi - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Philippe Froguel - Inst Pasteur, CNRS, UMR 8199, F-59019 Lille, France
Aroon Hingorani - UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Genet Epidemiol Grp, London, England
Erik Ingelsson - Uppsala University
Mika Kivimaki - UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Genet Epidemiol Grp, London, England
Richard A. Kronmal - University of Washington
Diana Kuh - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Lars Lind - Uppsala University
Nicholas G. Martin - College Station Medical Center
Ben A. Oostra - College Station Medical Center
Nancy L. Pedersen - Karolinska Institutet
Thomas Quertermous - Stanford University
Jerome I. Rotter - College Station Medical Center
Yvonne T. van der Schouw - College Station Medical Center
W. M. Monique Verschuren - Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Ctr Nutr Prevent & Hlth Serv, Bilthoven, Netherlands
Mark Walker - University of Newcastle Australia
Demetrius Albanes - NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
David O. Arnar - College Station Medical Center
Themistocles L. Assimes - Stanford University
Stefania Bandinelli - Florence
Michael Boehnke - Biostat
Rudolf A. de Boer - University of Groningen
Claude Bouchard - Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Human Genom Lab, Baton Rouge, LA USA
W. L. Mark Caulfield - Queen Mary University of London
John C. Chambers - University of London
Gary Curhan - Brigham and Women's Hospital
Daniele Cusi - University of Milan
Johan Eriksson - Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, Helsinki, Finland
Luigi Ferrucci - NIA, Clin Res Branch, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
Wiek H. van Gilst - University of Groningen
Nicola Glorioso - University of Sassari
Jacqueline de Graaf - Radboud University Nijmegen
Leif Groop - Lund University
Ulf Gyllensten - Uppsala University
Wen-Chi Hsueh - MED Institute
Frank B. Hu - Harvard University
Heikki V. Huikuri - University of Oulu
David J. Hunter - Harvard University
Carlos Iribarren - Kaiser Permanente
Bo Isomaa - Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin - University of London
Antti Jula - Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, Turku, Finland
Mika Kahonen - University of Tampere
Lambertus A. Kiemeney - Radboud University Nijmegen
Melanie M. van der Klauw - University of Groningen
Jaspal S. Kooner - Ealing Hosp Natl Hlth Serv NHS Trust, Dept Cardiol, London, England
Peter Kraft - Harvard University
Licia Iacoviello - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
Terho Lehtimaki - University of Tampere
Marja-Liisa L. Lokki - University of Helsinki
Braxton D. Mitchell - Supreme Council Of Health
Gerjan Navis - University of Groningen
Markku S. Nieminen - University of Helsinki
Claes Ohlsson - University of Gothenburg
Neil R. Poulter - University of London
Lu Qi - Harvard University
Olli T. Raitakari - University of Turku
Eric B. Rimm - Harvard University
John D. Rioux - Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Federica Rizzi - Kos Genet, Milan, Italy
Igor Rudan - University of Edinburgh
Veikko Salomaa - Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, Helsinki, Finland
Peter S. Sever - University of London
Denis C. Shields - Univ Coll Dublin, Complex & Adapt Syst Lab, Dublin 2, Ireland
Alan R. Shuldiner - Supreme Council Of Health
Juha Sinisalo - University of Helsinki
Alice V. Stanton - Royal Coll Surgeons Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
Ronald P. Stolk - University of Groningen
David P. Strachan - University of London
Jean-Claude Tardif - Univ Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada
Unnur Thorsteinsdottir - DeCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland
Jaako Tuomilehto - Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Diabet Unit, Helsinki, Finland
Dirk J. van Veldhuisen - University of Groningen
Jarmo Virtamo - Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, Helsinki, Finland
Jorma Viikari - Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland
Peter Vollenweider - University of Lausanne
Gerard Waeber - University of Lausanne
Elisabeth Widen - University of Helsinki
Yoon Shin Cho - Hallym University
Jesper V. Olsen - University of Copenhagen
Peter M. Visscher - University of Queensland
Cristen Willer - College Station Medical Center
Lude Franke - University of Groningen
Jeanette Erdmann - European Acad Bozen Bolzano EURAC, Ctr Biomed, Bolzano, Italy
John R. Thompson - University of Leicester
Arne Pfeufer - Helmholtz Zentrum München
Nona Sotoodehnia - University of Washington
Christopher Newton-Cheh - Broad Institute
Patrick T. Ellinor - Harvard University
Bruno H. Ch Stricker - College Station Medical Center
Andres Metspalu - Estonian Bioctr, Tartu, Estonia
Markus Perola - University of Tartu
Jacques S. Beckmann - University of Lausanne
George Davey Smith - University of Bristol
Kari Stefansson - DeCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland
Nicholas J. Wareham - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
Patricia B. Munroe - Queen Mary University of London
Ody C. M. Sibon - University of Groningen
David J. Milan - Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA
Harold Snieder - University of Groningen
Nilesh J. Samani - University of Leicester
Ruth J. F. Loos - Massachusetts Rehabilitation Commission
QRS GWGWAS Consortium
Publication Details: Nature genetics, Vol.45(6), pp.621-+
Publisher: Springer Nature
Number of pages: 14
Grant note: MC_U106179471; G1000143; MC_UU_12013/3; G0801056; MC_PC_U127561128; MC_U106188470; G0401527; MC_U127592696; MC_U106179473; MC_UP_A100_1003; G0600705; G9815508; MC_UU_12015/2; MC_PC_15018; MC_U123092720; MC_U106179472; G1002084; MC_PC_U127592696; MC_UU_12013/1; MC_UU_12013/4 / Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); European Commission T32GM007753 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) 092731 / Wellcome Trust; European Commission UL1TR000124 / NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) R00 HL094535; U19 HL065962; R01 HL111314; K24 HL105780; R01 HL090620; R01 HL105756; R01 HL092217 / NHLBI NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) P30DK020572 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) P30 DK063491; P30 DK020572 / NIDDK NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) ES/J023299/1 / Economic and Social Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/J023299/1 / ESRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) UL1 TR000124 / NCATS NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) PG/12/38/29615 / British Heart Foundation NF-SI-0611-10136 / National Institute for Health Research; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) R21 DA026982 / NIDA NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) CZB/4/710 / Chief Scientist Office ZIAAG000799 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA) R01HL092217 / NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) MC_UU_12015/1 / Medical Research Council; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); European Commission NNF13OC0005785 / Novo Nordisk Fonden; Novo Nordisk Foundation MC_UU_12013/4 / MRC; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC) T32 GM007753 / NIGMS NIH HHS; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) R21DA026982 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); European Commission
Identifiers: 9937242108331
Academic Unit: King Abdulaziz University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article