Abstract
In each of Al-Mahalla Al-Kubra (M-K) and Mahallat Rouh (M-R), Al-Gharbia Governorate, the impact of crop type on population and diversity soil fauna was studied. For this reason, four plots were selected, cultivated with wheat and clover in M-K and strawberries and tomatoes in M-R. Soil fauna were collected from each plot by pitfall trap method. Data of population of soil fauna taxa were treated by multivariate statistical method: de trended correspondence analysis and ascending hierarchic classification. Each of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices of diversity were also calculated. Twenty-four different taxa sampled with a total population in all plots was 3479 individuals, the total number of individuals in Al-Mahalla El-Kubra study area was 1601 individuals, while the total number of individuals in Mahallat Ruoh study area was 1878 individuals. The variation of taxa were the higher total number of taxa associated with wheat plot was 22 and total number of individual was 882, while total number of taxa associated with tomato plot was 20, and total number of individual was 1601, and total number of taxa associated with strawberries plot was 19 species, while total number of individual was 811, and total number of taxa associated with clover plot was 18 and total number of individual was 719. The crop type affects each of Simpson and Shannon-Weiner indices of diversity.