Abstract
Developing an accurate forecasting model for the volatility of iron ore price plays a vital role in future investments and decisions for mining projects and related companies. Viewed from this perspective, this paper proposes a novel model for accurately forecasting monthly iron ore price volatilities. This model integrates chaotic behavior into a recent meta-heuristic method grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) to form a new GOA algorithm called chaotic grasshopper optimization algorithm (CGOA), which is used as a trainer to learn the multilayer perceptron neural network (NN). The results of the proposed model (CGOA–NN) are compared to other models, including the conventional grasshopper optimization algorithm for NN (GOA–NN), Particle swarm optimization for NN (PSO–NN), Genetic Algorithm for NN (GA–NN), and classic NN. Empirical results demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid CGOA–NN model over other models. Moreover, the proposed CGOA–NN model demonstrates an improvement in the forecasting accuracy obtained from classic NN, GA–NN, PSO–NN, and GOA–NN models by 60.82%, 32.18%, 16.49%, and 38.71% decrease in mean square error, respectively.
•A new method to forecast iron ore price volatilities called CGOA–NN is presented.•The model leads to accuracy improvements that are statistically significant.•Training NN using CGOA increases forecasting accuracy.•The correlation analysis between Iron price and predictor variables is investigated.