Abstract
In this paper, battery electric vehicle (BEV) controllers are smartly tuned with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) to ensure good speed regulation. Intelligent tuning is ensured with a proposed and well-defined cost function that aims to satisfy the design requirements in terms of minimum overshoot, fast response, and tolerable steady state input. Two proposed cost functions are formulated for both simple speed input and for driving cycles. The BEV is controlled with the field oriented control technique (FOC), and it is driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). An efficient control scheme based on FOC is built using a simplified closed loop control system including BEV components such as regulators, inverter, traction machine, and sensors. Simulation results show that the optimum controller gains obtained by intelligent tuning have resulted in satisfactory BEV performance that sustains the harsh environmental conditions. Robustness tests against BEV parameter changes and environmental parameter variations confirmed the effectiveness of intelligent tuning methods.