Abstract
Aims Selenium (Se) as selenate shares similarities with sulfate in transport and assimilation by plants. Uptake and assimilation of Se might be affected by S and vice-versa, which could affect Se and S concentration in plant tissues, and metabolic pathways such as biosynthesis of sugars, amino acids, and storage proteins. This study aimed to evaluate Se and S combination on cowpea plants under field conditions. Methods The experimental design was a 4 x 4 interaction between four rates of Se (0, 10, 25, and 50 g ha(- 1)) and four rates of S (0, 15, 30, and 60 kg ha(- 1)) in two consecutive years of cowpea cultivation. Concentrations of Se, S, total sugars, sucrose, total free amino acids, and storage proteins in plant tissue were measured. Results The Se x S interaction did not affect cowpea yield or growth. Antagonistic effects of S on Se concentrations in leaves and seeds were observed mainly for the second crop season. Selenium did not decrease S concentrations in leaves and seeds of cowpea plants. The combination of 25 g Se ha(- 1) and 30 kg S ha(- 1) provided the greater concentrations of total sugars. Interaction between Se and S was associated with greater sucrose, amino acids, and storage proteins concentrations in cowpea seeds. Conclusions The Se and S interaction did not impair plant growth but application of S decreased Se content in cowpea. Further studies are needed to better understand the physiological roles of Se and S combination in producing primary metabolic compounds.