Abstract
Simple Summary Pulicaria jaubertii is considered a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat various human diseases because it contains many biologically active compounds, including monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols, which could have beneficial effects on broiler performance and health, although there are no studies on the use of this plant in broilers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pulicaria jaubertii (3-9 g Pulicaria jaubertii powder/kg basal diet) on the performance, blood biochemistry, internal organs, gene expression related to immune response, and cecal microbiota of broiler chickens. We conclude that Pulicaria jaubertii has a positive effect on overall performance, immune response, and microbiota. Based on the biologically active compounds of Pulicaria jaubertii studied so far, there are no studies on the use of this plant in broilers. Therefore, the present study aims is to investigate the effect of Pulicaria jaubertii on the performance, blood biochemistry, internal organs, gene expression related to immune response, and the cecal microbiota of broiler chickens. A total of two hundred and forty male broilers were used and divided into four diet groups (T1 = 0, T2 = 3, T3 = 6, and T4 = 9 g Pulicaria jaubertii powder/kg basal diet). The performance evaluation, serum biochemical parameters, internal organ indicators, cytokines' gene expression, and microbiota colonization were determined. The study results showed that this plant was rich in nutrients, some fatty acids, and bioactive phenolic compounds. All growth performance indicators and relative liver weight were improved by Pulicaria jaubertii levels (T2 to T4) with no effect on feed intake. T3 and T4 showed higher total protein and lower triglycerides and total cholesterol. Birds fed Pulicaria jaubertii showed immune regulation through the modulation of pre-inflammatory cytokines and increased mucin-2 and secretory Immunoglobulin A compared with the control group. Diet groups (T2 to T4) had higher quantities of Lactobacillus spp. and lower levels of Salmonella spp. than the control group. We conclude that Pulicaria jaubertii could be used as a feed supplement for broilers due to its beneficial effects on overall performance, immune response, and microbiota. Further studies are recommended to investigate the potential mechanism of Pulicaria jaubertii in broilers.