Abstract
The current study is focused to analyze the heat transfer characteristics in a porous duct. The mathematical model of heat transfer in a porous duct was solved by converting the governing partial differential equations into a set of algebraic equations with the help of finite element method. A simple three noded triangular element is used to mesh the duct domain. The current problem consists of a square duct with outer walls being exposed to hot temperature T-h, and inner walls subjected to cool temperature T-c. Emphasis is given to investigate the effect of width ratio of cavity on heat and fluid flow characteristics inside the porous medium. The results are reported for various duct width ratios, Rayleigh number etc. It is found that the Nusselt number increases with increase in height of cavity along the vertical walls of duct; however the Nusselt number for certain values of duct ratio oscillates along the width of the porous medium at bottom wall of the cavity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.