Abstract
Nowadays, there is a growing need for Internet of Things (IoT)-based mobile healthcare applications that help to predict diseases. In recent years, several people have been diagnosed with diabetes, and according to World Health Organization (WHO), diabetes affects 346 million individuals worldwide. Therefore, we propose a noninvasive self-care system based on the IoT and machine learning (ML) that analyses blood sugar and other key indicators to predict diabetes early. The main purpose of this work is to develop enhanced diabetes management applications which help in patient monitoring and technology-assisted decision-making. The proposed hybrid ensemble ML model predicts diabetes mellitus by combining both bagging and boosting methods. An online IoT-based application and offline questionnaire with 15 questions about health, family history, and lifestyle were used to recruit a total of 10221 people for the study. For both datasets, the experimental findings suggest that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art techniques.