Abstract
Advancement in technology has led to innovation in equipment, and the number of devices is increasing every day. Industries are introducing new devices every day and predicting 50 billion connected devices by 2022. These devices are deployed through the Internet, called the Internet of Things (IoT). Applications of IoT devices are weather prediction, monitoring surgery in hospitals, identification of animals using biochips, providing tracking connectivity in automobiles, smart home appliances, etc. IoT devices have limitations related to security at both the software and hardware ends. Secure user interfaces can overcome software-level limitations like front-end-user interfaces are accessed easily through public and private networks. The front-end interfaces are connected to the localized storage to contain data produced by the IoT devices. Localized storage deployed in a closed environment connected to IoT devices is more efficient than online servers from a security perspective. Blockchain has emerged as a technology or technique with capabilities to achieve secure administrational authentication and accessibility to IoT devices and their computationally produced data in a decentralized way with high reliability, interrogation, and resilience. In this paper, we propose device, end-user, and transactional authentication techniques using blockchain-embedded algorithms. The localized server interacts with the user interface to authenticate IoT devices, end-users, and their access to IoT devices. The localized server provides efficiency by reducing the load on the IoT devices by carrying out end-user heavy computational data, including end-user, IoT device authentication, and communicational transactions. Authentication data are placed on the public ledger in block form, distributed over the system nodes through blockchain algorithms.