Abstract
The reaction Ethanol reacts with 1,3-Butadiene using ionic liquid catalyst supported on Pd/SBA-15.
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•The ionic liquid catalyst Pd-EMIM-Tf/SBA-15 was rationally created to be a powerful multifunctional catalyst.•At lower temperature high ethanol conversion and butadiene selectivity were accomplished.•The ideal values for the reaction temperature, pressure, WHSV, and H2 flow rate are 110 °C, 20 bar, 1.0 h−1, and 20 ml/min.•The performance of the Pd-EMIM-Tf/SBA-15 catalyst was appealing, quick, efficient, and profitable.
Investigating the heterogeneous organo-catalysts such as 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate upon SBA-15, which includes one percent palladium, and their ability to produce 1,3-butadiene from ethanol while supporting them on mesoporous materials. SBA-15 and metal precursors were mixed together and crushed in solid state. By using the TGA, N2 adsorption–desorption, TEM, and XRD procedures, the produced catalysts were studied. Once an organic motif was added to SBA-15, the solid-state grinding procedure produced more accessible acid sites on the catalyst and increased the dispersion of Pd metal. In a fixed-bed reactor, the catalytic performance was assessed, and a selectivity of up to 82% for 1,3-butadiene was achieved. This is brought on by the coupling activity of Pd and ionic liquid species in the porous structure of SBA-15, where the ionic liquid catalyst promotes ethanol dehydrogenation while Pd promotes aldol condensation The solvent-free method also served as the inspiration for a fresh way of synthesizing catalysts for the formation of 1,3-butadiene using ethanol.