Abstract
Eleusine coracana (Finger millet) has high nutritional value with numerous health benefits and is of low cost. Isolation of beta-glucan (βG) from E. coracana (Ec-βG) has gained increasing research attention. UV–vis spectroscopy used to measure the surface plasmon resonance at 361 nm to confirm the presence of polysaccharides (glucan molecules) in Ec-βG. X-ray diffraction analysis of Ec-βG displayed a crystalline nature and confirmed the presence of the βG molecule. Further, the bioactive compounds of Ec-βG were screened using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial activity of Ec-βG against both Gram-positive (Lysinibacillus fusiformis, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Proteus vulgaris, Shigella sonnei) bacteria were assessed through minimum inhibitory concentrations <70 μg/ml of Ec-βG. In addition, the antibiofilm activity and bacterial viability of Ec-βG at 100 μg/ml was confirmed by light and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, Ec-βG inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase at an IC50 -value of 1.23 and 1.42 μg/ml, respectively. Superoxide anion scavenging activity at IC50-1.4 μg/ml and DPPH radical scavenging activity at IC50-1.2 μg/ml showed that Ec-βG had potential antioxidant property. The in vitro hemolysis assay for biocompatibility of Ec-βG at 200 μg/ml showed 0.06 ± 0.09%. Therefore, Ec-βG has the potential to act as a suggestive agent for antibacterial, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activity.
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•Betaglucan (βG) was isolated from Eleusine coracana (Ec) seeds and characterized with UV–vis. spectrum, XRD, and GC-MS.•Ec-βG exhibits antibiofilm activity against L. fusiformis, E. faecalis, P. vulgaris and S. sonnei at 100 μg/ml.•Ec-βG was found to be an active inhibitor for α-amylase and α-glucosidase that demonstrates antidiabetic activity.•Maximum concentration (200 μg/ml) of Ec-βG has the lowest hemolysis percentage which shows its biocompatibility.