Abstract
Centuries after the most primitive descriptions of keratoconus, much about the etiology and pathogenesis of it remains a mystery. Considerable strides have been made in early discovery of the disease, as well as towards providing best possible optical and surgical correction to improve vision quality in affected patients. Scientific interest in the condition is bound to remain high in the predictable future for two major reasons. First, the impending threat of iatrogenic ectasia or unmasking of subclinical keratoconus dangles like the sword over all refractive surgeons. Secondly, recent achievements have extended the therapeutic options and exposed the potential for further innovations. Hopefully, this will also translate into safer and more effective treatments for patients.