Abstract
Dietary modification would be the most translatable, cost-efficient, and, likely, the safest approach available that can reduce the reliance on pharmaceutical treatments for treating acute or chronic neurological disorders. A wide variety of evidence suggests that the ketogenic diet (KD) could have beneficial effects in acute traumatic events, such as spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. Review of existing human and animal studies revealed that KD can improve motor neuro-recovery, gray matter sparing, pain thresholds, and neuroinflammation and decrease depression. Although the exact mechanism by which the KD provides neuroprotection is not fully understood, its effects on cellular energetics, mitochondria function and inflammation are likely to have a role.