Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cure efficacy depends upon the chemotherapy drugs' effectiveness, the leukemia cells' biological traits, and the early response to treatment. The apoptotic genes' pivotal roles on different stages of cancer growth and drug resistance were attracted most immunologists and chemotherapeutic developers. Lactobacillus (L) probiotic bacteria or postbiotics have antitumor impacts that enhance the apoptosis process. Hence, to examine the apoptotic effects of two different concentrations of L. acidophilus postbiotics and Methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy on the ALL propagation; four groups of ALL cell line were treated as follow: N group; cells kept untreated (negative control), M group; cells were treated by 0.236 mg/ml of MTX (positive control), accompanying with two different ALL-cells groups treated as similar as M group in addition to either 0.5 ug/ml (ML5 group) or 2 ug/ml (ML20 group) of L. acidophilus postbiotics. We estimated the transcription levels of different apoptotic gene markers after twenty-four and forty-eight hours from treatments. We noted an earlier extremely significant elevation in the transcription levels of BAX, NFkB, Notch1, and Notch2 genes in the ML5 cells group compared to the ML20, N, and M cells groups. The transcription levels of the JAG1 and JAG2 genes diminished significantly in the ML5 cells compared to the ML20, N, and M cells groups. Consequently, these results verified that the L. acidophilus postbiotics have an early positive role on the transcriptions levels of apoptotic genes during treatment with the Methotrexate chemotherapy and may directly impact the apoptosis process considered the heroine of cancer elimination.