Abstract
Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common autosomal recessive and familiar hemoglobin disorders. Objective: This research aims to assess the level of awareness regarding thalassemia in Riyadh. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional, conducted in Riyadh PHC centers, including adults, and excluding health care personnel. 260 respondents chosen through systematic random sampling, data collected using a self-administered questionnaire includes information about causes risk factors, clinical picture, management, and prevention developed specifically for the purpose of this study. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to interpret data. Significance was considered if P-Value <= 0.05. Results: A significant statistically relation (p-value 0.047) between income and level of awareness regarding the management of thalassemia. (65.8%) of participants had a high level of awareness regarding complications. Risk factors have shown that (47.7%) had moderate awareness. 75% had poor knowledge regarding the clinical picture. There is a significant relationship between the level of education and prevention (p-value 0.008). Conclusion: The level of awareness regarding thalassemia is around moderate, except for the clinical picture which is low. There is a relation between the educational level and the awareness in regards of prevention and risk factor of thalassemia.