Abstract
In this work, a low-cost, scalable and highly repeatable approach was developed to prepare polystyrene films with three-dimensional nanopyramids on the surface. The nanopyramids have a tunable aspect ratio and more importantly, their anti-bacterial performance has been systematically studied. The effectiveness of the nanopyramids on E. coli growth inhibition and the role of the nanostructure aspect ratio were carefully studied through scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results showed an excellent antibacterial performance with more than 90% reduction in the E. coli population in all nanopyramid samples after a 168 h prolonged incubation time. The nanopyramid film developed here can be used for clinical and commercial applications to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria on various surfaces.