Abstract
The proposed work represents a simple and effective approach to achieve frequency tunability. The tunability is attained by the switching mechanism of the two PIN diodes. The biasing issue is reduced due to the usage of two PIN diodes. Simulation is carried by a high-frequency structure simulator tool and compared with the fabricated structure for the authentication. Antenna fabrication is performed by low-profile material FR-4. Three modes were analyzed and compared in terms of resonating frequency, reflectance response, gain, bandwidth, and electric field based upon switching of PIN diodes. The proposed antenna structure provides a multiband response with the four frequency tunable bands along with maximum frequency tunability of 700 MHz and a minimum reflectance response of -28.22 dB. The proposed structure opens a new door of applications like satellite communication, military, and a sensor for the S, C, X, and Ku bands. The presented design was also compared with the previously published papers to identify the improvement.