Abstract
This study was undertaken to uncover the regulatory role of lycopene in targeting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades and subsequent regulation of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9 (PCSK-9) expression via sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF-1 alpha). Further, protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies for Lycopene-Apo-CIII complex against lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were also performed to assess its regulatory role behind the enhanced circulatory TG/TRLs clearance. Lycopene treatment down-regulated hepatocyte PCSK-9 expression via down-regulation of HNF-1 alpha, whereas, LDL-receptor (LDL-R) was up-regulated by subsequent up-regulation of SREBP2. PPI studies showed that lycopene diminishes the affinity of Apo-CIII to complex with LPL (Delta G: -917.1 Kcal/mol) resulting in increased LPL functionality and TRLs clearance. Moreover, lycopene also ameliorated LPS stimulated oxidative-stress via enhanced total antioxidant and HDL associated PON-1 activity in addition to down-regulate the expression and plasma level of inflammatory mediators. Based on above findings, we concluded that lycopene exhibits dual role in targeting LPS induced oxidative stress and hypertriglyceridemia via down-regulation of PCSK-9, making greater no. of surface LDL-R available for LPS processing and clearance, as well as increased LPL activity through inhibition of Apo-CIII.