Abstract
Purpose: Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome with reported musculoskeletal effects. This systemic review aimed to identify a relationship between diabetes and arthritis; disease-related risk factors, the effect of diet in disease management and the effect of anti-arthritic drugs on diabetes treatment.
Methods: This study analysed 20 articles identified and selected according to the study criteria. PRISMA guidelines were used for identification and screening of literature. Data search covered several primary databases, including Pubmed, Wiley library, Scopus, Clinical Trial Registry, etc.
Results: The study findings suggest a significant correlation between diabetes and arthritis. Obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (MS components), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) hypertension and dyslipidemia are the most common risk factors leading to disease progression. Omega-3-fatty acid showed no protective effect on disease condition.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that anti-tumor necrosis factor (Tnf)-alpha, disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, and Interleukin receptors antagonist improved the efficacy of diabetic medication and maintained blood sugar levels. However, Tnf-a reduced glucose intolerance, and therefore, its therapeutic use in conjunction with diabetic medications should be limited.