Abstract
The impact of a water drop on a thin layer of glycerin leads to the formation of an intricate flower-like pattern. We show that these leaf-like forms are generated by a surface-tension instability at the air–liquid interface along which there exists variable concentration of glycerin and water. Spatial variations of surface tension drive intense vortices inside the water layer, which interact with the glycerin–water concentration at the surface. Horizontal bending of these vortices is reinforced by the resulting enhancement of the surface-tension gradients.