Measurements of electron transport in liquid and gas Xenon using a laser-driven photocathode

O. Njoya; T. Tsang; M. Tarka; W. Fairbank; K. S. Kumar; T. Rao; T. Wager; S. Al Kharusi; G. Anton; I. J. Arnquist; Badhrees; P. S. Barbeau; D. Beck; Belov; T. Bhatta; J. P. Brodsky; E. Brown; T. Brunner; E. Caden; G. F. Cao; L. Cao; W. R. Cen; C. Chambers; B. Chana; S. A. Charlebois; M. Chiu; B. Cleveland; M. Coon; A. Craycraft; J. Dalmasson; T. Daniels; L. Darroch; S. J. Daugherty; A. De St Croix; A. Der Mesrobian-Kabakian; R. DeVoe; M. L. Di Vacri; J. Dilling; Y. Y. Ding; M. J. Dolinski; A. Dragone; J. Echevers; M. Elbeltagi; L. Fabris; D. Fairbank; J. Farine; S. Ferrara; S. Feyzbakhsh; R. Fontaine; A. Fucarino; G. Gallina; P. Gautam; G. Giacomini; D. Goeldi; R. Gornea; G. Gratta; E. Hansen; M. Heffner; E. W. Hoppe; J. Hoessl; A. House; M. Hughes; A. Iverson; A. Jamil; M. J. Jewell; X. S. Jiang; A. Karelin; L. J. Kaufman; D. Kodroff; T. Koffas; R. Krucken; A. Kuchenkov; Y. Lan; A. Larson; K. G. Leach; B. G. Lenardo; D. S. Leonard; G. Li; S. Li; Z. Li; C. Licciardi; Y. H. Lin; P. Lv; R. MacLellan; T. McElroy; M. Medina-Peregrina; T. Michel; B. Mong; D. C. Moore; K. Murray; P. Nakarmi; C. R. Natzke; R. J. Newby; Z. Ning; F. Nolet; O. Nusair; K. Odgers; A. Odian; M. Oriunno; J. L. Orrell; G. S. Ortega; Ostrovskiy; C. T. Overman; S. Parent; A. Piepke; A. Pocar; J-F Pratte; Radeka; E. Raguzin; S. Rescia; F. Retiere; M. Richman; A. Robinson; T. Rossignol; P. C. Rowson; N. Roy; J. Runge; R. Saldanha; S. Sangiorgio; K. Skarpaas; A. K. Soma; G. St-Hilaire; Stekhanov; T. Stiegler; X. L. Sun; J. Todd; T. Tolba; T. Totev; R. Tsang; F. Vachon; V. Veeraraghavan; S. Viel; G. Visser; C. Vivo-Vilches; J-L Vuilleumier; M. Wagenpfeil; M. Walent; Q. Wang; M. Ward; J. Watkins; M. Weber; W. Wei; L. J. Wen; U. Wichoski; S. X. Wu; W. H. Wu; X. Wu; Q. Xia; H. Yang; L. Yang; Y-R Yen; O. Zeldovich; J. Zhao; Y. Zhou; T. Ziegler; Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); I. Badhrees

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2020.163965

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Measurements of electron transport in liquid and gas Xenon using a laser-driven photocathode

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Measurements of electron transport in liquid and gas Xenon using a laser-driven photocathode

O. Njoya, T. Tsang, M. Tarka, W. Fairbank, K. S. Kumar, T. Rao, T. Wager, S. Al Kharusi, G. Anton, I. J. Arnquist, …

Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment, Vol.972, p.163965

21/08/2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.163965

Abstract

Instruments & Instrumentation

Nuclear Science & Technology

Physical Sciences

Physics

Physics, Nuclear

Physics, Particles & Fields

Science & Technology

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Measurements of electron drift properties in liquid and gaseous xenon are reported. The electrons are generated by the photoelectric effect in a semi-transparent gold photocathode driven in transmission mode with a pulsed ultraviolet laser. The charges drift and diffuse in a small chamber at various electric fields and a fixed drift distance of 2.0 cm. At an electric field of 0.5 kV/cm, the measured drift velocities and corresponding temperature coefficients respectively are 1.97 +/- 0.04 mm/mu s and (-0.69 +/- 0.05)%/K for liquid xenon, and 1.42 +/- 0.03 mm/mu s and (+0.11 +/- 0.01)%/K for gaseous xenon at 1.5 bar. In addition, we measure longitudinal diffusion coefficients of 25.7 +/- 4.6 cm(2)/s and 149 +/- 23 cm(2)/s, for liquid and gas, respectively. The quantum efficiency of the gold photocathode is studied at the photon energy of 4.73 eV in liquid and gaseous xenon, and vacuum. These charge transport properties and the behavior of photocathodes in a xenon environment are important in designing and calibrating future large scale noble liquid detectors.

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Title: Measurements of electron transport in liquid and gas Xenon using a laser-driven photocathode
Creators - without role: O. Njoya - Stony Brook University
T. Tsang - Brookhaven National Laboratory
M. Tarka - Stony Brook University
W. Fairbank - Colorado State University
K. S. Kumar - Stony Brook University
T. Rao - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
T. Wager - Colorado State University
S. Al Kharusi - McGill University
G. Anton - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
I. J. Arnquist - Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Badhrees - Carleton University
P. S. Barbeau - Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory
D. Beck - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Belov - Kurchatov Institute
T. Bhatta - University of South Dakota
J. P. Brodsky - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
E. Brown - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
T. Brunner - McGill University
E. Caden - Laurentian University
G. F. Cao - Institute of High Energy Physics
L. Cao - Institute of High Energy Physics
W. R. Cen - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
C. Chambers - Institute of High Energy Physics
B. Chana - McGill University
S. A. Charlebois - McGill University
M. Chiu - Stony Brook University
B. Cleveland - McGill University
M. Coon - Stony Brook University
A. Craycraft - Colorado State University
J. Dalmasson - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
T. Daniels - McGill University
L. Darroch - Kurchatov Institute
S. J. Daugherty - Indiana University
A. De St Croix - TRIUMF
A. Der Mesrobian-Kabakian - Laurentian University
R. DeVoe - McGill University
M. L. Di Vacri - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
J. Dilling - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Y. Y. Ding - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
M. J. Dolinski - Drexel University
A. Dragone - Menlo School
J. Echevers - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
M. Elbeltagi - Stony Brook University
L. Fabris - Kurchatov Institute
D. Fairbank - Colorado State University
J. Farine - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
S. Ferrara - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
S. Feyzbakhsh - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
R. Fontaine - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
A. Fucarino - Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Troy, NY 12180 USA
G. Gallina - Institute of High Energy Physics
P. Gautam - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
G. Giacomini - Institute of High Energy Physics
D. Goeldi - Laurentian University
R. Gornea - McGill University
G. Gratta - Institute of High Energy Physics
E. Hansen - Drexel University
M. Heffner - Stony Brook University
E. W. Hoppe - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
J. Hoessl - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
A. House - Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
M. Hughes - Stony Brook University
A. Iverson - Colorado State University
A. Jamil - Yale University
M. J. Jewell - Stanford University
X. S. Jiang - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
A. Karelin - Kurchatov Institute
L. J. Kaufman - Menlo School
D. Kodroff - Laurentian University
T. Koffas - McGill University
R. Krucken - McGill University
A. Kuchenkov - Kurchatov Institute
Y. Lan - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
A. Larson - University of South Dakota
K. G. Leach - Supreme Council Of Health
B. G. Lenardo - Stanford University
D. S. Leonard - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
G. Li - Institute of High Energy Physics
S. Li - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Z. Li - Yale University
C. Licciardi - Institute of High Energy Physics
Y. H. Lin - Drexel University
P. Lv - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
R. MacLellan - McGill University
T. McElroy - McGill University
M. Medina-Peregrina - Stony Brook University
T. Michel - McGill University
B. Mong - McGill University
D. C. Moore - Yale University
K. Murray - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
P. Nakarmi - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
C. R. Natzke - Supreme Council Of Health
R. J. Newby - Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
Z. Ning - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
F. Nolet - Institute of High Energy Physics
O. Nusair - Institute of High Energy Physics
K. Odgers - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
A. Odian - Menlo School
M. Oriunno - Stony Brook University
J. L. Orrell - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
G. S. Ortega - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Ostrovskiy - University of Alabama
C. T. Overman - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
S. Parent - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
A. Piepke - University of Alabama
A. Pocar - University of Massachusetts Amherst
J-F Pratte - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
Radeka - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
E. Raguzin - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
S. Rescia - Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA
F. Retiere - TRIUMF
M. Richman - Drexel University
A. Robinson - Laurentian University
T. Rossignol - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
P. C. Rowson - Menlo School
N. Roy - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
J. Runge - Duke University
R. Saldanha - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
S. Sangiorgio - Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
K. Skarpaas - Menlo School
A. K. Soma - University of Alabama
G. St-Hilaire - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
Stekhanov - Kurchatov Institute
T. Stiegler - Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA
X. L. Sun - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
J. Todd - Colorado State University
T. Tolba - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
T. Totev - McGill University
R. Tsang - Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
F. Vachon - Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada
V. Veeraraghavan - University of Alabama
S. Viel - Carleton University
G. Visser - Indiana University
C. Vivo-Vilches - Carleton University
J-L Vuilleumier - University of Bern
M. Wagenpfeil - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
M. Walent - Laurentian University
Q. Wang - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microelect, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
M. Ward - TRIUMF
J. Watkins - Carleton University
M. Weber - Stanford University
W. Wei - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
L. J. Wen - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
U. Wichoski - Laurentian University
S. X. Wu - Stanford University
W. H. Wu - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
X. Wu - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microelect, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
Q. Xia - Yale University
H. Yang - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microelect, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
L. Yang - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Y-R Yen - Drexel University
O. Zeldovich - Kurchatov Institute
J. Zhao - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
Y. Zhou - Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microelect, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China
T. Ziegler - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Brookhaven National Lab. (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
I. Badhrees - King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology
Publication Details: Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment, Vol.972, p.163965
Publisher: Elsevier
Number of pages: 10
Grant note: IBS in Korea NSERC in Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) CAS in China A. McDonald Institute - CFREF in Canada CFI in Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation NSF in the United States; National Science Foundation (NSF) 18-02-00550 / RFBR in Russia; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) FRQNT in Canada NSFC in China; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) programs at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) Offices of Nuclear and High Energy Physics within the DOE Office of Science NRC in Canada
Identifiers: 9918998008331
Academic Unit: King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article